Joseph’s Story

B. Cellular processes and membrane functions that testament be affected if Josephs mall stopped would be as follows. Oxygen, glucose, and essential ions that be required for the heart to pump will slow down. Each of his cells will sire to work harder and faster which uses up his energy supply. Carbon dioxide levels inside the cells will rise, which causes his PH to drop. The mitochondria will reach out out of oxygen and glucose to make essential adenosine triphosphate, which eventually causes the cells to die. Active apotheosis pumps will shut down the plasma membranes of his heart which in throw causes sodium to leak into the cells and potassium to leak out.If heart stops the mastermind can no longer function and if the heart doesnt lend oxygen soon, loss of O2 will eventually lead to death. C. Lack of ATP affected the plasma membrane pumps and meant that calcium stopped moving from the cytosol into the endoplasmic reticulum of his cardiac muscle cells. The plasma membra ne protects cellular contents and mediates the admission and exit of substances. The cytosol is where metabolic reactions occur. The ER has two split, the rough ER is cover by ribosomes and is attached to the nuclear envelope and smooth ER lacks ribosomes.Lysosome enzymes commonly bound safely inside vesicles began to digest the plasma membranes and the membranes of the organelles. The lysosomes are vesicles make from Golgi complex and contain digestive enzymes. D. The coronary muscles and the heart muscles are involve in order for Josephs body to be repaired. The coronary muscles have to be unblocked in order to reestablish blood flow to the heart and because of have suffering a massive heart attack parts of the muscle can become permanently damage, the remaining parts that are non damaged will need to be provided oxygen.E. without ATP, oxygen, and nutrients, multiple cellular processes affecting homeostasis can shut down. The proteins in the cell membrane that were regard i n the homeostatic imbalances of his heart cells were the plasma membrane itself, the cytosol where the calcium was removed, The ER, the cytoskeleton which was attacked by the proteases that spilled in the interior of the cell, and the lysosomes which were normally safely bound inside vesicles began digesting plasma membranes and the membranes of the rganelles. F. The damage to the cellular processes could have caused irreversible cell death in the brain within a matter of minutes if oxygen is not available. Water balance, ionic equilibrium, and PH balance are all headstone factors in the homeostasis of individual cells.