Emergency Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Emergency Management - Essay ExampleAccording to the Texas Impact (2008), at the time of the flood, the sheer set up food and water stations, provided medical care, and established mass shelters to house the disaster victims. jumper lead on from the performance of the American Red Cross in this disaster, it organization was granted a national charter in 1900 by congress to provide support in time of disaster. A push-down store more non-governmental agencies and charity organizations were given similar recognition in major disasters such as the Galveston Hurricane and draw Surge in 1900, San Francisco Earthquake in 1906, the Great Mississippi Flood of 1927, and the droughts of 1930-1931 (Texas Impact).Though the efforts of the non-governmental organizations were commendable, the task seemed tho too much to be left to their care alone especially as government to the lowest degree supported them with funds (Sylves, 2008). Concerns were therefore raised in the mid 1900s as the sit uation was eventually curtailed in 1950 when congress passed what came to be known as the Federal Disaster Relief Program (FDP). The FDP transferred power to the death chair from congress. With this power, the president was then mandated to be the sole authority that could declare disaster.FEMA (2011) notes that the Stafford Act (1988) constitutes the statutory authority for or so Federal disaster response activities especially as they pertain to FEMA and FEMA programs. The Stafford Act is quite limited in the kind of relief or support it can give out in time of a major disaster or an extremity (Meola, 2011). The first of these relief assistances is emergency work, which is carried out upon the instruction of the president. The emergency work includes such activities as clearing and removing debris, restoration of public facilities and freeing wreckage. The support also includes the furnish of legal services, giving out unemployment assistance, giving out of food coupons for the onward

Feminism, its development since the 18th century and how it affected Research Paper

Feminism, its development since the 18th century and how it affected smart set of today - Research Paper ExampleThe feminists assert that there are very few inbuilt differences that are unchange subject amongst men and women. There are however many individual differences between men and women. These individual and inherent differences are however not to imply that one gender is more(prenominal) capable than the other. The equality that is advocated for by the movement refers to equality in accordance to the laws of the land as strong as social, political, an economic equality. While most people assume that feminism is a single or unified school of thought, it can be seen that the movement has evolved in three major drifts. Each wave of has had distinct features or characteristics and can be seen to have been advocating for different rights. While some have criticized the movement, it has light-emitting diode to some major achievement for the women. It is important for one to un derstand the situation that the women were living in in the beginning the rise of the feminist movement. much(prenominal) an understanding will help one to understand the changes that were brought about by the feminist movement. At the beginning of the 18thcentury, women did not receive any recognition under law. They were pronounced as being civilly dead when they got married. They were therefore not allowed to sign any contracts and they could not control the proceeds that they received. Their wages were controlled by the men in their lives. They were not given an opportunity to get an education and their gear up was expected to be at home taking care of their homesteads. A comparison of this situation with the ongoing situation in the society reveals that a lot of changes have taken place. Most of the changes and the rights that the women have been able to achieve are as a result of the feminist activities (ONeil 32). The influence of the feminist movement is seen to be refle cted in the different areas of life in the society. The movement influences the social lives of the people and their economic life as well. The impact of feminism can also be seen in the literary world. Many female writers chose to shout out the various feminist issues that faced them in their lives through their writing. As the different waves of feminism changed, so did the fill for the writers who are considered as feminists. Because each wave addressed different social and economic issues, and this was reflected in their writing. The number one wave of feminism can be traced back to the late 18th century gunpoint. This wave targeted the injustices that were officially mandated and that were directed at women. The first wave of this movement was interconnected with other movements that sought reforms in the society. Such movements included the abolition movement and the temperance movement. The highlight of the wave was label by the publication of defense lawyers of the Ri ghts of Woman by Mary Wollstonecraft in 1972. The end of this wave can be seen to have been marked by the ratification of the Twentieth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution. This amendment gave the women voting rights and marked the beginning of the process of political empowerment for the women. The feminists during this period included Lucy Stone, Mary Wollstonecraft, and Helen Pitts among others. The movement also saw such achievements as educational opportunities for women. The first

PETA (People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals) Essay

PETA (People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals) - Essay pillowcaseivist conventions have complained that PETA has made it difficult for them to make their point in the public eye because of negative associations engendered by PETA behaviors. In many cases, it has been argued that the sort has taken the message too far even though the group has been successful in bringing well-nigh positive change for animal rights. Campaigns theyve launched include a weigh against the fast-food chain Kentucky Fried Chicken for the deplorable conditions in which chickens are kept as they are macrocosm fattened up for mass production in the chains food stores and campaigns against entertainment venues such(prenominal) as circuses for the way in which performing animals are kept. Before one can determine whether the group is beneficial or detrimental to animals and society as a whole, it is necessary to learn more about the charges levied against them as well as the successes they claim.PETA fir st gained national recognition only a year afterward it was founded when founding member Alex Pacheco investigated the research practices of Dr. Edward Taub in what was to become known as the bills Spring shirk case.1 As the name of the case suggests, the events of the case took place at an animal lab in Silver Spring, Maryland. According to the Institute for Animal Research, photographs taken by Pacheco in a late night secret mission in the primate lab revealed monkeys housed in filthy conditions and evidence gathered regarding the nature of Dr. Taubs research revealed what meetmed to be excessively cruel practices.2 Information released about the case indicates Taub was deliberately cutting the steel in the arms and legs of 17 monkeys he had in the lab and then employing further cruel methods to see what would induce the monkeys to attempt to use these damaged appendages. Methods employed included electric shock, restraining the undamaged limbs and withholding food.3 Taub ha d no choice but to admit to the methods being used, but suggested the research

New York vs Belton Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

peeled York vs Belton - Essay ExampleBelton). The issue was that the police officer had arrested the hands before searching and finding the drugs without a warrant to do so(New York v. Belton)In this case, the courts ruled that whenever the police arrest people in a railroad machine, they may search the passenger compartment without a warrant(New York v. Belton). Additonally, it was made clear that police officers may search through a car and items in the car after an arrest. However, the courts made it clear that police officers needed to have good reason for searching the car without a warrant. This termination was written by Justice Potter Stewart on July 1, 1981(New York v. Belton). After the decision was made, trouble arose when three of the judges on the case decided that they did not agree with the ruling and dissented because they mat that the decision went too far in not protecting the right to privacy(New York v.

Havisham Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Havisham - Essay ExampleAfter things went sour with her marriage, she resulted to mere wish and prayer that her dear would die. not a day since then, I havent wished him dead (Duffy web). The word dead represents dark imaginativeness of Havishams desire to revenge her husbands betrayal. Havisham also turns into prayer closing her eyes so tight making them sink inside and become like green pebble. In addition, she holds her hands so tightly together in prayer that they have formed sinews the size of a rope, which she virtualizes using to scrag her lover. Ropes on the back of my hands is metaphorical representing old age in that Havisham has completelyowed herself to stay with the grieve, anger, and poor emotions for umteen years, which has left her ageing. Havisham is responsible for her own misery in that she chooses to concentrate in the betrayal from her lover in a way that day in day out. She refuses to shower but remain in her repelling wedding dress considering killing her l over as a way of revenge.Reading this poem leaves the audience sympathizing with Havisham. Her character represents famous people in her society who make decisions in life with great expectations, completely to get disappoints from those they trust. Havisham calls her lover sweetheart and then a bastard portraying love and hatred. All she thinks of all day is to strangle, bite, bang, or stab her former lover. Bearing in mind Havisham former position in the society, it is inevitable to sympathise with the extent of her sinking. Use of the first person in the poem helps the audience to come in with the suffering. That is, the suffering could beget anyone in the society regardless of the status. A woman with class of her own antecedently and now cannot even shower? Havishams body stinks, her wedding dress that she will not alter yellowing with dirt.Havisham seems helpless, lost, and overtaken by confusion. She does not even

European Colonialism and Africa Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

European Colonialism and Africa - Essay ExampleThe penning tells that the argument to the effect (say, moral purpose and mutual benefit) of European compoundism in Africa is divided into four understructure developing, well-disposed and economic culture, modernization and industrial development, and development of nationalism and political unification. The European colonizers (the French, the British, and the Spaniards) provided ample vastness to infrastructure development to exploit the natural resources and the human resources in Africa. To be specific, the development of infrastructure in Africa is deeply indebted to the efforts of the European colonizers. Ambe J. Njoh stated that That the foundation of Cameroons transportation infrastructure was established by the German compound administration is indisputable. On the other side, the development of infrastructure in Africa helped the European colonizers to export desolate materials from Africa and to help their motherlands to be rich. From a different angle of view, the development of stuns and roads affiliated the colonies. The European settlers did provide less importance to the wellbeing of the native Afri piles because their aim was to create a colonial Africa, not an independent Africa. So, they exploited the human resources available in Africa. For instance, the (French) Congo railroad under France can be considered as one of the examples which can illustrate the exploitation of human resources in Africa. Now, the Congo railroad acts the role of a backbone to the transportation facilities in Congo. In short, infrastructure development in Africa during the colonial era helped the European settlers (the French, the British, and the Spaniards) to be in touch with their motherlands and to exploit the resources in Africa. On the other side, the development of infrastructure during the colonial era proved to be helpful for the African nations in the post-colonial era. The colonization of Africa an d social development in Europe are not interconnected. Still, one can see that colonization and exploitation of the African continent positively influenced the economic development of Europe because most of the industries during the colonial era depended upon the raw materials from Africa. From a different angle of view, economic development is interconnected with social development. During the colonial era, European colonialism did not help the African nations to gain social and economic development. But the social and development of some nations in Africa during the post-colonial era proves that European colonialism helped some of these nations to be in the forefront of social and economic development. For instance, infrastructure development initiated by the European colonizers was beneficiary for some African nations like Kenya and South Africa.

Banking and the political situation in Bahrain Essay

Banking and the governmental situation in Bahrain - Essay ExampleThe rising issue of increased policy-making pressure and financial crisis be affecting the clientele operations of financial sector of Bahrain (Shachmurove, 2003). Bahrain is also observed to be the largest financial centre among the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC). The GCC countries are major(ip)ly dependent on oil exports on a fixed give-and-take rate. In the GCC region, the banking sector is considered to be the main dominating player in financial terms. In this respect, the Islamic banks are perceived to be growing in an immense manner and are examined to be the ultimate foundation for financial transactions amid the gulf countries. The banking sector of Bahrain is recognised to be accountable to be the major contributor of Gross Domestic Products (gross domestic product) growth. Bahrain is identified to be acquiring around 80% of the GDP in relation to investment funds. The main objective of Bahrain is to o btain the leading position as a financial hub (INSEAD, 2011 Al-Hassan & et. al., 2010). BNP Paribas is recognised as among the leading banking institutions which is one of the leading financial service providers in the European regions. The bank is identified to be present in around 80 countries. Moreover, the bank employs about 200,000 individuals on a international context. BNP offers three major services which include retail banking, corporate and investment banking as wellspring as investment solutions (Bahrain Economic Development Board, 2008). Al Salam Bank-Bahrain (B.S.C) began its business operations in the category 2006 and the bank is located in Bahrain. It is observed to be performing business operations in a differentiation manner for acquiring huge capital and proficient as well as see management team. The bank adopts standards and principles which are recognised at international level for its transparency as well as integrity (Al Salam Bank Bahrain, 2012). Topic to Be Addressed The subject of the proposed research study is to determine the impact of adverse political and financial conditions on the banking sector in Bahrain. Moreover, the proposed research study depart assist in ascertaining the importance of stable political conditions for businesses to perform their operations effectively. Project Background In Bahrain, BNP Paribas is recognised to be the principal foreign bank. The bank has established two offices in Dubai with the objective of reason itself from unstable political scenarios and financial crisis. The proposed research study will be based on the analysing the factors which are seemingly affecting the operations as well as competitiveness of the banking sector in Bahrain. In this regard, the impact of unstable political situations and financial crisis of the banking sector of Bahrain will be studied in bless to improve their situations. Justification of the Topic Chosen In relation to the present day context, it has been observed that the political condition of a artless is significantly affecting the economic as well as business environment. Moreover, there are other specific external factors which are demonstrated to be impacting a countrys political and economic conditions both positively as well as negatively. In this regard, the major problem which has been recognised in this proposed study is changes in the political conditions affecting the financial sector in Bahrain. This problem is also identified to be hampering the competitiveness of its financial sector on a global context. Research Question On the basis of identification of the research problem, the

Whole Food Market, USA Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

upstanding Food Market, USA - try on ExampleThe objective of this study is to outline grocerying intermixture and market entry strategy for building block Food Market, Inc. while entering into Netherlands. Cultural dimensions of new market would also be included in the study so as to reflect upon its impact on proposed marketing mix. The entire study shall be centered towards global market strategy of tout ensemble Food Market, Inc. 3. Main Findings 3.2 Marketing Mix of Whole Foods Market, Inc., Global Expansion 3.2.1 Product Concept Organic products and natural food products would be delivered in Netherlands market. Whole Foods Market, Inc., Global Strategy Global strategy shall be either direct exporting or all in all owned subsidiary.Brief Adaptation or Standardization in Netherlands Standardization product strategy would be applied in Netherlands market in order to sustain their competitive advantage (De Burca, Brown and Fletcher, 2004). 3.2.2 terms Concept The main concept is to acquire maximum market share and establish a stable market position.Whole Foods Market, Inc., Global Strategy In global context, the focus would be on market development strategy. Brief Adaptation or Standardization in Netherlands Adaptation approach will be applied on Netherlands market in the context of pricing strategy.3.2.3 Place Concept Marketing mix element place is related to distribution network. Whole Foods Market will be delivering products to manufacturing or process plant to the warehouse and finally to retail stores.

Group Project - Leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Group Project - Leadership - Essay Exampleent within the organization on with the hiring of individuals that helps the organization to develop their basic conceptual framework of theory and principle.Environment in an organization is the ambiance in which the employees of an organization work as a team rather than to be on their testify as individual to achieve a goal. Where as, culture of an organization consists of same beliefs, concepts, norms and values. Al together, they make the organizations personality.Though, it may be clear that culture is an environment of the organization that makes employees feels comfortable to share their ideas and beliefs while working as a angiotensin-converting enzyme team. The experienced executives and founders of the company can bring it in and enhances it via other employee by giving them training for none but to sense.Culture is negotiable, that is, a whole team can together change the culture of the organization as if the strategies goes against the will of employees they never own them and though it effects the operation of the goal instantaneously.Culture may be weak or strong, it may be said as different views and norms sometimes may create subculture in different de dissociatements of an organization and this may lead to a non-successive organization.A culture in an organization can be made effective in a manner that all the employees of the company works whole heartedly to achieve the goal as a single team. It can only be done when besides keeping a formal relation among the co-workers they affirm full freedom to share their ideas and beliefs. They should be paid a deserving salary and moreover rewarded with incentives and bonuses. Their seniors should apprise them. All employees should know very clearly about the culture of the organization and though a part of it that senior makes their juniors trained fully and welcome them to show up confidently.Formulation of policy and administration involving deal to provide decisions and supervise the culture and tasks performed

Film and music Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Film and music - Essay ExampleIn this essay Film and music, the author compares and contrast the two film Noir films The Lost Weekend and mesmerised. The thinker here is to bring out the relationship between the two films. They highly emphasize on the limit of the Theremin and experi kind music for the scores. The composers of The lost pass and Spellbound have made use of theremin all through and through the film from the start to the end. Rzsa has made use of theremin as a way of consolidation typeface and creativity in the recording. The composer has also utilise the two films to emphasize on the psychological impacts on the characters. Spellbound is an Ameri plunder Thriller which tells a story of the new mental asylum head who later turns out to be what he does not claim to be. The purpose of the film is to highlight psychoanalysis virtues which come with the banishing of restoring reason and mental illness. The lost weekend film shows the life of an alcoholic writer and p articularly on a weekend alcoholic binge. The use of theremin by Rzsa showed just how bold and creative he was in integrating novel approaches. He wanted to use it in The Lost Weekend because he had successfully used it in Spellbound and he thought that the two somehow related. This is alcoholism, which the character cannot resist. The theremin is cued every time fool gets the urge to drink alcohol and is overwhelmed by his longing. As we can see at the start of the film, dress is silent, save he does not have to say anything silence all we need to know we can read from the look on his face. We can tell from the expression on his face that he is confined as he stares at the bottle that is hanging from the window of his dwelling. The Alcohol Theme is cued as he looks down at the alcohol bottle and the theremin has the melody. Music starts to fade as he and his brother wax light begin to talk and is later heard once again as Dons brother and Hellen leave the flatcar after discov ering the alcohol bottle hanging by the window. When Don goes to the bar and asks for a drink, he is given, but he hesitates to take it knowing that once he does he will not stop. The Alcohol chemical group plays once more, but it stops when he takes the shot. A

Microsoft in Japan Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Microsoft in Japan - marches Paper ExampleThis paper illustrates that Bill Gates and Paul Allen founded Microsoft Company in 1975. The go withs headquarters is in the US and they develop, sell, support, manufacture, as well as license computer soft wares. The companionship has over one hundred thousand employees and the computer soft wares they sell include the Microsoft office, windows operating software product and internet explorer browser. The multinational company also sells hardwares such as phones, tablets, and the X-box games console. The company estimated its revenue to be around $77b by 2013. The Knowledge Assessment method is used to analyze challenges and opportunities that the company encounters following enthronization in a foreign company. Like in the case of a clothing line company that expanded its market globally, it faced many challenges. Being a small line of work, it should have first invested in its educating the employees on possible challenges and how to deal with them. The government policies were very different from their home country, and they had difficulties adjusting to the forms of taxes as well as importation policies. The company was also not aware of taxes and quotas that the foreign government had imposed on the sales event of imported clothes and they ended up making a loss instead of expected profits. In analyzing the industry, organization, as well as investment analysis in Japan, the costs of starting a business in Japan have reduced drastically since the domestic recession and resulting price deflation of the past 8 - 10 years. Office rents and the values of land have also declined since the bursting of Japans property bubble toward the end of the 1980s. after(prenominal) the domestic recession, many companies in Japan reduced the summer and winter bonuses that they had traditionally paid to their employees.

Criminal Justice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Criminal Justice - Essay Example fit to the explore findings it can therefore be said that the criminal justness clay protects the citizens from the criminal elements. The system includes the United States courts of law. First, the criminal evaluator system includes the collection of federal agencies, state agencies, and local agencies that focus on monitoring and resolving the United States criminal incidents. Each surgical incision has the responsibility and as well as authority to process suspects in any reported crime under its jurisdiction. Likewise, each department essentialiness take control of and ensure custody of each defendant in any crime. Lastly, each department shall ensure each convicted felon serves each sentence that the courts render on each suspect or defendant. In addition, the legislative branch of the United States authorities creates the basic framework of each criminal umpire department. Ralph Henham insists the criminal justice laws must shift to the restorative justice concept. The concept states that each convicted felon is deft by the penitentiary to drop their evil ways become productive members of society, after serving their chink sentences. In addition, judicial branch of the United States implements its own basic framework for each criminal justice department to implement. Geoffrey Scarre emphasizes the courts include mitigating or aggravating circumstances when deciding cases. Finally, the executive branch of the United States government implements its own tenets for each criminal justice shaping. ... Mental disorders among the juveniles significantly increase the possibility of their arrests. However, other research findings indicate the criminal justice organization must be cautious or compassionate when arresting or taking custody of the confused juvenile delinquent, especially those with acquired deficit activities and opposition defiant problems. Further, the prisons are responsible for monitoring the convicte d felons and suspects inside penitentiaries. Bean Philip (1999) reiterated the technology reduces the cost to hire more jail guards and within the penitentiary. Technology includes the use of CCTV cameras replace human beings as keepers of the peace and surveillance tools within the jail premises. In addition, the courts weigh the evidences as basis passing judgment. K. Douglas (Douglas, 1997) reiterates the Jury used photographic evidences to strengthen the guilty verdict. In addition, bureaucratism maximizes the criminal justice organizations efficiency. However, the line and staff organization reduces flexibility. During some occasion, the bureaucracy is synonymous with the red tape. Red tape means there are too many unessential rules, laws, or policies that may hinder fast, effective, and efficient implementation of the justice. Often bureaucracy impedes immediate implementation of justice. The lead in criminal justice organizations. Ron Cacioppe (1997) accentuates leadership wisdom is of prime importance in the criminal justice organization. First, the leaders must hone their current skills in critical thinking. Next, the leaders of the criminal justice organization should enhance their current crisis leadership prowess. In addition, the criminal justice systems leaders must improve their present change management

Emotional Intelligence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 10250 words

Emotional experience - Essay ExampleAuthor Daniel Goleman (1995) also brought EI into the forefront with his books entitled, Emotional Intelligence Why It Can effect More Than IQ and Working with Emotional Intelligence (Goleman 1995). Both resources propose that EI accounts for success at home, school, and work, modify individuals to become more cooperative and effective team members and to build their technical skills and IQ for jobs at all in all levels (Vitello-Cicciu 2003).Goleman also hypothesized that EI can be learned and improves with age (Goleman 1995). In contrast, Salovey and Mayer (1990) contend that EI develops with age and that emotional experience can be enhanced and emotional skills can be learned (Vitello-Cicciu 2003). Whats not know to check through research is whether or not EI scores, as determined by an ability measurement known as the Mayer, Salovey, and Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test (MSCEIT), can be raised in individuals (Vitello-Cicciu 2003). (See A ppendix sound judgement of EI in a Leader)Experts define emotional labor as the process of regulating both feelings and expressions to procure organizational goals or expectations, or, as the effort, planning, and control needed to express organizationally desired emotions during interpersonal legal proceeding (Vitello-Cicciu 2003). ... ational goals or expectations, or, as the effort, planning, and control needed to express organizationally desired emotions during interpersonal transactions (Vitello-Cicciu 2003). organizationally desired emotions, also referred to as display rules atomic number 18 considered the standards of behavior that indicate not only which emotions ar appropriate in relationship with others, but also how these emotions should be publicly displayed or expressed.The structure of this cover is as follows Part one of paper begins with the introduction of the topic in an academic format. Then, explains the purpose of carrying come out of the closet this res earch and what it tends to achieve is stated. After defining the objective a brief overview of the primary research questions are given. A very important chapter of literature review follows which highlights various researches which were carried out by the writers and analysts in the past. search design highlights the approach and the methodology of how the information was acquired from the sources. The main Research results chapter has the main body of this research in which the findings have been discussed and concluded.In conclusion, the research shows that Marquise Facilities Corporation will derive with incorporating emotional intelligence into its Management Training. In part 2 of the paper, a brief history of the company and the challenges they are faced with and how they will benefit from such training. Finally, a proposal of the implementation process will be presented. The main goal is to puree the importance of this training in the organization while being sensitive no t to overload the energetic managers with a program that will soon loose momentum. The key is to implement a process that is ache lasting and adds value to the

Statistics project Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Statistics Project ExampleIn order to achieve such economic emergence in the Chinese economy, it is essential to focus on improving the major industries, such as the telecommunication industry. However, this cannot be achieved without solving the challenges hampering it from achieving the desired growth rate.The motive of this study is to establish and define challenges veneering the Chinese telecom firms in their expansion strategies. The study leave achieve this by examining the current market government agency to identify the main challenges that firms in this industry atomic number 18 facing from a marketing perspective. The study will also attempt to suggest solutions that the Chinese telecommunication industry could adopt to solve these problems by assessing the solutions that fuck off been employed in other countries. This study is intended to give a clear understanding of the challenges facing the Chinese telecommunication sector. It will focus on establishing why the t elecommunication sector in china is growing at a lower rate compared to telecommunication sectors of other economies, such as join States and India.Through this research, the management of firms in the Chinese telecommunication sector will understand better the challenges that are limiting their expansion strategies from a different perspective. This will enable them devise better ways of transaction with these challenges in the future and ultimately boost the growth of the telecommunication sector. The hypotheses for this study areThe alternative hypothesis- H1-Chinese firms do not exhibit a slow growth rate due to industrial nor node establish challenges. These hypotheses enhance the empirical testing of the outcome of the research.Some of the challenges that will be looked at are the customer based challenges. The biggest concern for many businesses regards the criteria through which customer loyalty is measured. Several techniques

Cost method november Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Cost mode november - Essay ExampleIt is life-and-death for managers to comprehend the merits and demerits of the two schemes to satisfy the needs of their business operations.The budget presented entails schedules that raise various concerns leading to the tribute that the union should switch to the activity-based costing system of accounting. The first concern is the quarterly budget that in my whim requires further subdivision to generate quarters. Mainly, cycling takes place in temperate weather conditions. Buying materials for round production for the start of sales hikes demand therefore, requires the producer to incur a quarter before the demand. other concern regards accounts that remain uncollectable. The master budget for the company is not specific it its cash budget line. It nigh refers to the uncollectable receivables. Variable factors in this context emanate from economic features among them limited sponsorship and thus resulting in wrong accounts (Gazely & Lamb ert, 2006). From the budget, the company is setting aside a budget for 140 bikes inclusive of labour costs. It is appropriate to cut drop on the level of production of extra parts in the inventory. The viability of any business can be measured by how the company effectively utilizes its resources while plummeting unnecessary costs hence Competition Bikes Inc. should tense to avert extra discretionary costs.The method of distributing manufacturing overhead by activity-based costing (ABC) to products is efficient compared to the traditional method of costing. Precisely, activity-based costing assigns the right percentage of resources to particular products. While monitoring and allocating organizational costs to products and objects, activity-based costing stay a more sophisticated and logical method as opposed to the traditional costing system (Bragg, 2001). It is possible to distribute

SHORT LISTENING ASSIGNMENT FORMAT Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

SHORT LISTENING FORMAT - Assignment ExampleInstruments clearly comprehend from the song include trumpets, reeds, bass, gently, drums, and trombones (Ellington, 1932). The sounding of these instruments blends to produces the desired jazz music impression.The drums in this case serve to hit the acts as the metronome to the band. The bass clearly sets the style of the song as well as the progression. It makes the foundation of the subject none. Notably, these two, drums and the bass, play a significant role in setting the qualities of progression throughout the song. The melody is in the sax section where it goes back and forth among the Saxes and trumpets (Ellington, 1932). Bones get the melody occasionally although not more than the Saxes, trumpets and trombones that are the basic harmony instruments in this song. From listening to the song, it is clear that the piano provides the bridge linking the bass and higher pitched instruments (Ellington, 1932). The piano helps to creat e space for the vocals in the song. Probably, this is because the piano has the good scale of notes and natural concert signature and hence is the teacher of the notes (Keith, 2004).From a personal perspective, this selected solo is prospering because the written arrangement of the various sections merges effectively into a Swing turn in song. The call and response between sections makes the song progressive and hence interesting to listeners (Typical Jazz Instruments, 2009). However, the solo is successful largely because it is easy to terpsichore to the music. The musicians, actually, seem to enjoy the music. Their dancing makes them look more of entertainers than musicians (Keith, 2004). From a personal view, these qualities of Swing Jazz would not be achieved with an unsuccessful solo. In fact, this song aroused my emotions that I yearned to have lived during the era of Swing Jazz to have a real life experience with the initial

Tess of the Duber’villes Essay Example for Free

Tess of the Dubervilles EssayTess of the Dubervilles is a novel written by Thomas Hardy. The primary(prenominal) contrast between the character of Angel and Alec is that in the novel the character of Angel is presented as a protagonist while the character of Alec is shown as an antagonist. Both the characters have populacey contrasting features and different personalities. The inequality of the personalities is visible from the appearance as well. hen Thomas hardy gives an account of physical appearance of Alec he is shown as a man with swarthy complexion, full lips, curled moustaches and a look of barbarism in his contours while Angel is shown as a man who seems like a gentleman, handsome and soft spoken, frosty abstracted eyes, from his appearance he is shown as a man who has no care for material wealth. as well the appearance Alec is a man with no morals or values which is apparent from the fact that he was impersonating, he wasnt a dUrbervilles by blood he had taken up T esss family name for the grounds of nobility. In contrast to this Angel was a true gentleman he belonged to spiritual family his father was a parson at a church and they were respectable people. The obsessions of both the men for Tess was in addition very contrasting the emotions of Alec were based on lust while Angel truly loved Tess.Alec was the primer coat of Tesss misery and despair he was the responsible for wholly her problems and sorrows while Angel was the sole reason of joy and happiness in her life, his mere presence was enough to comfort her and provide her a grit of security. Another star contrast between the two characters is Alec was the reason of Tesss exploitation and depriving her off fond status and respect while Angel married her and gave her respect and social status.Angel was a man of principles and unploughed his words while Alec was a man who like a rolling stone kept changing his position and his views which was evident in the novel when we see him as a convert preach people and soon after finding Tess he gets off track and leaves all the preaching and all his religious claims. The behavior and treatment of both the men with Tess is also very contrasting Angel treats and talks to Tess with an element of love by calling her Tessy and dearest and shows concern, while Alec is often found taunting her and upset her by flirting.

Introduction of My Proposed System Essay Example for Free

Introduction of My Proposed System canvasThe rapid advancement of computers in our society has made our daily workloads easier and more accurate. With its vast development, we need to direct ourselves in its change and go with its flow. It had changed the views of many people to shift or after their way of doing their delegate from a manual system to a more detailed computerized system. Computer makes communication easier and faster. Getting affiliated to different kinds of people around the web its not difficult anymore. engineering had innovated our industry to cause progressive and competent to our society, it introduced different ways to improved life. Such an instance is the improved computation and impact of data for our daily use. Computer technology is controlling the appendage of our society in terms of culture systems because the role of computer is the center of the modern main technology. Computer is a programmable electronic device that performs positivisti c operations on data like calculations and sorting of files at high speed.The development of the modern sidereal day computer was the result of advances in technologies and mans need to quantify. Papyrus helped early man to record language and numbers. The abacus was whizz of the first counting machines. Some of the earlier mechanical counting machines lacked the technology to make the de scar work. applied science influences the people positively or negatively depending on how people used technology in their daily lives. You can tell that it changes the views of users of info and it changes the world we live in, technically it had made our industry systematic and revolutionized. instruct more how to start an essayInformation Technology is the acquisition, processing, storage and dissemination of vocal, pictorial, textual and numerical information by a microelectronics-based combination of computing and telecommunications. Furthermore, technology had changed continuously like ho w people communicate, transport products in the industry and live in daily basis. Technology is considered almost as an absolute necessity for growth and development it has a very big role in many aspects of our lives, the answers of mankinds circumstances.Technology leads to the improvement of our lives and it make things easier. Computer systems can make our daily workloads to more accurate and easier. The basic advantages of a computerized saving deposit system are efficiency and speed. In a manual system, clients deposit their coin in saving account book and record to official receipt then recorded to change Receipt Book and manually posted in ancillary ledgers. While in withdrawing, client sign up a withdrawal slip then recorded to voucher and posted in subsidiary ledgers and lastly, the cashier an cash the withdrawn savings.

Baz Luhrmans modern interpretation of the Shakespeare play Essay Example for Free

Baz Luhrmans modern comment of the Shakespeargon play EssayThis essay is based on Baz Luhrmans modern interpretation of the Shakespeare play Romeo + Juliet. It will be focusing on the opening scene, and Prologue. I will be analysing how Baz Lurhman portrays the contend between the Montagues and the Capulets. I will withal be discussing how the presentation of The Prologue helps the audience to understand the play. The film begins with a blank TV screen. The TV screen could represent the modern interpretation to the play. The screen the becomes occupied by a news-reader, who begins reciting the sonnet. The idea of the sonnet being read off the news, emphasises the how important the situation is. Once the news-reader has terminate the sonnet, the TV transports you to the scene of the play Verona. The establishing slam becomes unmixed a Montague building separated form a Capulet building, only by the statue of Christ. This emphasises the theme of religion, and the line in the sonnet Both alike in self-regard This is because each building belittles the rest of Verona, as well as the other. The camera then speeds up and shows a sequence of fast shots.This is known as mise en scene. This represents a degree of chaos, and highlights the conflict between the both families. The Prologue is then recited again, this time, by the Friar. As he reads, the words are reinforced by bold, white text, on a black background. The contrasting colours could be highlighting the two families differences. The use of colour in this case black and white, are most likely an deliberate choice, as black and white are both immediate opposites, therefore helping the audience differentiate between text and background.This allows the audience to match the friars voice with the text, despite the short amount of time in which the text is shown. After the Friar has undefiled The Prologue, the camera focuses on a family tree, of each family in turn. Almost as soon as it has shown the fa mily trees, the shot becomes engulfed in flames. The flames could convey a message of hatred, rage and anger between the two families. From the flames, a newspaper heading appears, whilst the flames fade. The heading suggests re-occurring violence between both the Montagues and the Capulets, and could also show that the feud is still as strong as ever.We can then learn that the strongest of the families quarrel lies between the youth of each house. This becomes apparent when the camera focuses on a number of magazines, with the younger generation of each house on the cover. Baz Lurhman also incorporates the use of magazines, as opposed to tabloids, when referring to the youth, as younger people are usually more associated with magazines. In the next shot, the parents of each house are pictured, accompanied by the actors name and character. In turn, the same happens for every(prenominal) character.This is important, as it allows the audience to differentiate between the members of each family, and who the main roles are. The types of shots depicted are very solemn, ask out for a character named Paris. He is shown in a happy scene as he is not involved in the feud, whilst every other character is affected, in some way, by the civil conflict. The Prologue concludes with a montage of shots, featured earlier in The Prologue, aswell as a repertoire of emotion-provoking shots, from later in the film. As the closing sequence is shown, shots of fireworks are merged in, to again, establish the theme of chaos.Finally, the title appears, and The Prologue finishes. The final aspect of Baz Luhrmans interpretation, is the Music. Without this finicky piece (Carmena Burana), The Prologue would not provoke as many emotions within the audience. This is because as the tempo, and volume rises beyond forte, Baz secrenises the serve scenes to run along side this. He also utilises the piano-pianissimo parts of the piece to again, establish the sonnet. All together, the medical specialty adds the element of drama, and strong emotions to the opening scene.

Analysis of Newspaper Research Report Results Essay Example for Free

Analysis of Newspaper Research Report Results EssayA study recently publish in the San Jose Mercury News suggests the p arnts of obese children do not perceive their children as obese. An analysis of this study, its methods, and its nonplusings is an eventful exercise in belowstanding the meaning and relevance of any research. The ability to read research critically and on a lower floorstand how it was generated allows us to identify possible design flaws or to realize the validity of its conclusions and make let use of the selective information.The study was conducted through an internet research firm for the University of Michigan. Its goal was to baffle the piece of parents who agnize their children are obese and to compare it to the percentage of parents that do not realize their children are obese. The participants were selected by artless random sampling and were considered a representative sample of American parents. The sample include 2060 respondents (Runk, 2 007).The data appeared to be takeed through internet surveys. The study was observational and measured continuous data sets including the height, weight, age, and gender of the participants children (Bennett, Briggs, Triola, 2003). A body mass index greater than or equal to the 95th percentile in semblance to children the same age and gender was the criteria used for corpulency in this study. The data from these children was then compared the national percentage of children considered obese by the same standards. Qualitative data pertaining to whether or not the parents thought their children were slightly overweight, rattling overweight, or about right was also collected (Runk, 2007).Although it was not specifically stated, I hypothesize the children canvass were broken down into bins by age and gender. The prototypic bin comprised of obese girls six to 11 geezerhood ageing and the insurgent bin obese boys six to11 years old. For the 12 to 17 year old group the first bin included obese girls 12 to 17 years old and the second bin included obese boys 12 to 17 years old. I further hypothesize the parents of children in each group were binned according to their response to the qualitative assessment of their childs weight. For each age group the first bin included parents who answered actually overweight, the second bin included parents who answered slightly overweight, and the third bin included parents who answered about normal (Bennett, Briggs, Triola, 2003).The findings in the six to 11 year old group revealed 15% of the children in this age group met the criteria for obesity. This finding was not significantly different from the national figure which reports 17% of all children in the United States are obese by the standard of this study. Thirteen percent of the parents of obese children in this age group categorized their children as very overweight, 37% classified their children as slightly overweight, and 43% describe their children were abou t right (Runk, 2007).The findings in the 12 to 17 year old group revealed 10% of children in this age group met the criteria for obesity. This finding is significantly lower than the national figure for obese children. 30 one percent of the parents of obese children in this age group account their children as being very overweight, 56% reported their children as slightly overweight, and 11% reported their children were about right (Runk, 2007).Researchers concluded some(prenominal) age groups under reported the incidence and severity of obesity when compared to the national statistic stating 17% of all children suit the criteria for obesity outlined in this study (Runk, 2007). I agree the severity of obesity was greatly under reported in both groups. However, I disagree with the assertion the incidence of obesity was under reported in the six to 11 year old group. I believe the difference between 15% and 17% could easily be a coincidence. It may also perplex resulted because th e internet was used to collect data and poor children are more likely to be obese and less likely to harbour internet access (Vieweg, Johnston, Fernandez Pandurangi, 2007).I do agree that obesity seemed to be considerably under reported in the 12 to 17 year old group. A statistically significant difference (about 7%) occurred between that age groups 10% incidence and the 17% national incidence of childhood obesity (Runk, 2007). much(prenominal) a large difference is unlikely to be a coincidence and supports the theory that obesity was under reported in this age group orconfounding was present (Bennett, Briggs, Triola, 2003).Critical analysis of this data reveals many strengths and a few significant weaknesses in the design and implementation of this study. The goal is clearly stated, to determine the percentage of parents who realized their children are obese and to compare it to the percentage of parents that do not realize their children are obese. This goal was clearly accomp lished for all the study participants. The source of the study is the University of Michigan which can be considered a reliable, neutral source. The sampling is sufficiently large, but whether or not it is representative of childhood obesity in this country is questionable. A serious problem with the sample exists as a result of using the internet as the setting. High proportions of obese children are socioeconomically disadvantaged and may not have internet access.The internet setting is likely to account for the apparent under reporting of obese children noteworthy in this study and as such is a probable source of confounding. The criterion for obesity is tumefy defined and could be easily measured in all the subjects, but I remain refer a significant portion of obese children may have been inadvertently omitted from consideration. In the end, however, I find there is a strong practical use for this data. Healthcare providers are made conscious of the occurrence that the pare nts are, more often than not, genuinely unaware their child is obese. This data supports the decision to open a communion with parents and offer teaching about the dangers and prevention of childhood obesity the clear course of action.ReferencesBennett, J., Briggs, W., Triola, M. (2003). Statistical ratiocination for EverydayLife, Second Edition. Upper Saddle River, NJ Addison Wesley. Retrievedcelestial latitude 5, 2007, from University of Phoenix rEsource HCS 438.Runk, D. (2007, December 24). Parents dont realize their kids are fat. MercuryNews (San Jose). Retrieved December 28, 2007, fromhttp//www.mercurynews.com/healthandscience/ci_7799918?nclick_check=1.Vieweg, V., Johnston, Fernandez, A., Pandurangi. A. (2007). Correlationbetween high risk obesity groups and low socioeconomic status in groom children. Southern Medical Association. Retrieved January 12, 2008, from University of Phoenix library EBSCOhost.

The relationship between theoretical perspectives and early years curriculum models Essay Example for Free

The relationship between theoretical perspectives and first historic period curriculum shams EssayPiaget believed that minorren atomic number 18 mini scientists and that they create their own understanding in resolution to their experiences. He also believed that fryren can self-motivate themselves without the need for rewards. Children are also fitting to adapt their knowledge to their experiences. Piaget believed that if a chela has a comfortable and safe milieu that it go away allow a child to seek and interact more efficiently. Encouraging recreational sessions will allow a child to recreate concrete vivification circumstances. Piaget assessed and monitored children respectively and specified that program line and free see would educate autonomous encyclopaedism earlier than macrocosm fed knowledge. Piaget believed that a child shapes in assorted stagesSensorimotor 0-2 a child understands the human being through senses and actionsPreoperational 2-7 a c hild understands through language and mental imagesConcrete operational 7-12 a child understands the world through logical thinking and categoriesFormal operational 12 years + a child understands the world through hypothetical thinking and scientific agreementingEach stage is broken stamp out further and being able to assess which stage a child is at enables the educator to bequeath the suitable resources required. Children learn from first hand experiences and educators are only required to offer suitable resources. Although Piaget assessed and monitored children independently this would look at had no benefit on teamwork assessments with peers and group activities.Montessoris theoriesMontessori theories have supported work in schools for over 100 years. It is a child focused approach of teaching and learning. It is built on unique(predicate) observations on children between 0-19 years. Independence is a major factor in this theory and environments that are somewhat planne d assures that a child will develop physically, psychologically and will advance in independent learning successfully. While being treated equally and justly individuals are taught on their own in the flesh(predicate) needs which promotes curiosity and passion. As all children are different, Montessoris main aims for this theory are deference the individual personal hand-on approach unforced knowledge Absorbent mind exploring freely ensuring independent learning experiences Sensitive periods identify certain growth stages allowing full potential to be met A prepared environment readily obtainable resources for specific needs and interests Auto education independent learners progress and learn life skills necessary for their futureB.F. muleteers theoretical perspective on learningSkinner believed that all behaviour is learnt essence it can be unlearnt. By replacing the proscribe behaviour with substantiating behaviour and response gives a base for learning. By emphasisin g and modelling good behaviour imitates what is expected. Skinner believed that behaviours happen in school when a child doesnt understand. Teaching a child to listen teaches them to change their behaviour and reflect. Skinner alleged(a) that children are capable of learning in 2 different ways1. Children learn to avoid the negative in the attempt to receive the positive Receiving a reward for positive things increases the likelihood of the child receiving positive reactions2. Giving a punishment for a negative behaviour also gives a child reason to avoid negative and concentrate on positiveSkinner believed that making education enjoyable would be effective in controlling behaviours. He did non believe in punishments save positive reinforcement to adapt and influence students.It is believed that if you want to apply Skinners theories into your school you must have tyrannical incentives for behaviour Reward positive before reprimanding negative Ensure immediate reward to allow a n link Provide on task feedback Adapt instructional material and approaches suitably Children must understand ready skills before moving on Reinforce positive behavioursJ.H Pestalozzis theoryThe Swiss education reformer, influenced by Rousseau, born in Zurich, is known as the about dedicated philosopher to fight for inclusion in schools and reforming the education system. A whole child approach to his methods, Pestalozzi believed that all children should learn through playing and exploring and should be able to peruse their own fun from what interests them personally. Understanding the needs of a child and knowing their background will enhance their performance. 3 main important aspects of Pestalozzis methods are Head intelligence and knowledge eye emotions and understanding Hands strength and dexterityPestalozzis methods still have huge influences on the ultramodern education system.It is claimed that, in Pestalozzis methods, a child learns independently, what happens to sp ecial educational needs students? These pupils need anatomical structure and routine, so arguably his methods were not intended for SEN children and the growing population. 1 in 7 children are appreciate as having special needs or a disability, meaning 13.6% would not be educated effectively. Considering most of the national curriculum was formed in 2014, it is questionable, is it up to date enough to meet the demands of the ever-growing change in society?Skinner is the only main figure in history to advise on a combination of social and political interpretations on behaviourism. He formed a theory of what a model society would be like designed around behaviourism. Hes a great takeoff booster of free will and believes that our behaviour is modelled around our setting. Hans Khon believed that Skinners theory of rewards was not a motivation for behaviour but merely a preventive measure for the natural and deliberate behaviours. He also believes that Children should have ethics a nd make their own conscious decisions. Skinner argues the fact that all language is purely learnt but, philosopher Chomsky disagrees and believes that language is immanent and is developed over time. Evidence has recognized that rewards in fact are a great crow in education. Epraise.com have many success stories and have helped pupils achieve their milestones.It is thought that Skinners discoveries were unreliable as his experiments were performed on animals and not humans. Although this may be the case, engagement on learning is successful through incentives and rewards as this is manifest in modern classrooms and has been used in many studies including incredible years, which is practiced and taught at the school I am currently working in.Rewards are a great incentive, but It is argued that motivation is not found in the absence of rewards. So, is the reward system just disguising natural undesired behaviours? It is argued that if this theory wasnt working why is it still used today? Do children conform through forced motivation or are they naturally motivated?Skinners theory is actively used in many streetwise schools around the world and is used successfully. At Heronsbridge school, many of Skinners methods are used daily. thither is a weekly special mention assembly for achievements, a weekly pupil of the week award, assemblies play a PowerPoint of great accomplishments caught on camera for the whole school to see, but also instant rewards such(prenominal) as merits and free time are given out for instant recognition of their successes. Incredible years is a method of positive reinforcement used at Heronsbridge, where negative behaviour is not admit and rewards for positive behaviours are given as an incentive to encourage and inspire pupils as in Skinners philosophy. As this theory works well in Heronsbridge school, it may not work as well in other settings.As Heronsbridge is a SEN school, careful attention is given to the specific requirements to pu pils individual needs. With regards to Jean Piagets theories and Montessoris, Heronsbridge also pays close attention to the specific need of the child, being educational or medical, and encourages total independence on the pupils who are able. It is argued that, if a child is left to learn independently, then what would happen to children with special educational needs? Being able to plan what is taught will have a huge impact on SEN children. Surely the curriculum should fit the child not the child fit the curriculum?Heronsbridge implements the Jean Piaget theory of individual assessments. Pupils are frequently monitored and assessed individually through instep exam, LNF testing and annual reviews to ensure pupils are placed in the correct setting the following year, and then targets are set accordingly. No two children have the same targets and as the students are all at different levels of education, Montessoris theory of mixed aged classes is reinforced throughout the leavers d epartment.

The rate of photosynthesis Essay Example for Free

The value of p igneousosynthesis EssayIntroductionPhotosynthesis is the trapping of peerless C dioxide and its subsequent reduction to carbohyd ordinate, using hydrogen from water system. Hexose sugars and starch be commonly formed so the fol beginninging equation is often used open-eyed energy6 carbon dioxide + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2carbon dioxide water chlorophyll carbohydrate oxygenPhotosynthesis consists of two stages These are the elation-dependent reactions, for which light energy is necessary, and the light strong-minded reactionsseries of light-dependent reactions that are temperature-independent and a series of temperature-dependent reactions that are light-independent. The rate of the first series, called the light reaction, abide be increased by change magnitude light intensiveness (within authentic limits) still non by increasing temperature. In the second series, called the dark reaction, the rate keister be increased by increasing temperature (within cert ain limits) only when not by increasing light intensityPhotosynthesis involves the fruition of oxygen, and the uptake of carbon dioxide. These can be used as a measure of the rate of photosynthesis.This sample will be an investigation into the photosynthetic rate, the rate at which plants produce all their own organic substances (food) using only light energy and simple inorganic substances. The rate of photosynthesis is dependent on environmental component parts, particularly the amount of light available, the level of carbon dioxide and the temperature. The effect of these incidentors can be tested examineally by change one of these factors while holding others incessant.We know that light intensity, carbon dioxide preoccupancy and temperature are three factors that can construct up the rate of photosynthesis. If the level of one of these factors is changed, rate of photosynthesis changes. Normally, only changes to one of the factors will affect the rate of photosynthes is in a plant at a epoch. This is the factor that is nearest to its minimum, the modification factor. Changing the limiting factor increases or decreases the rate, but changes to the other factors scram no effect. This is because photosynthesis is a complex is a complex involving umteen steps. The overall rate of photosynthesis in a plant is ascertain by the rate of whichever step is proceedings most slowly at a particular cartridge clip. This is called the rate-limiting step. The three limiting factors affect antithetic rate-limiting steps. ascorbic acid dioxide assiduityAt low and medium carbon dioxide tautnesss, the rate-limiting step in the Calvin cycle is the point where CO2 is fixed to produce glycerate 3-phosphate. Ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP) and NADPH accumulate. At high(prenominal) CO2 soaking ups few other factor is limiting.Light intensityAt low light intensities, there is a shortage of the products of the light-dependant reactions NADPH and ATP. The point where glycerate 3-phosphate is subjectd is the rate-limiting step in the Calvin cycle. At high light intensities whatsoever other factor is limiting.TemperatureAt low temperatures, all of the enzymes that change state the reactions of the Calvin cycle pretend slowly. NADPH accumulates. At intermediate temperatures, some other factor is limiting. At high temperatures, RuBP carboxylase does not work effectively, so the rate-limiting step in the Calvin cycle is the point where CO2 is fixed. NADPH accumulates.Research question How does altering the carbon dioxide immersion affect the rate of photosynthesis?PredictionI predict that the rate of photosynthesis is positively cerebrate with CO2 engrossment. I predict that increasing the CO2 concentration will increase the rate of photosynthesis pro rata to it. Applied to my experiment, that centre the high the sodium hydrogen carbonate issue concentration (which provides the CO2 for the cress plant plant plant plant disks in or dination to photosynthesize), the speedy oxygen is produced as a crazy product and the faster the cress criminal records grow to the sink of the beaker.VariablesThe independent variableCarbon dioxide concentration Sodium hydrogen carbonate solution was used to provide the CO2 for the cress disks in order to photosynthesize. In the experiment different NaHCO3 concentrations were do up using pure NaHCO3 solution and distilled water, always make up 60cm3 of liquid.Controlled VariablesLight intensity A bench lamp was used as the light source in the experiment. It was always constantly placed 5cm in a higher place the liquid clear so that the same amount of light falls on the beaker with the cress disks indoors the hydrogen carbonate solution for e truly experiment.Temperature The temperature should stay constant for all of the carried out experiments, room temperature of well-nigh 20C being the case.Dependent variableAmount of oxygen as a screw up product of photosynthesis p roducedIn the experiment we didnt measure the amount of oxygen produced directly. Instead a stop date was used to monitor how vast it took for the individual cress disks to rig out to the top of the beaker. Being the dependent variable, the cartridge clip it took for cress disks to derail at different NaHCO3 concentrations, was the recorded data. In the experiment the NaHCO3 solution enters the air spaces of the cress disks. As it provides the cress disks with the CO2, say the higher the NaHCO3 concentration meant the more oxygen is produced as a waste product of photosynthesis. The quicker the cress disks rose to the top of the beaker means that more oxygen is produced during photosynthesis.Apparatus1 Plastic stem3 Small Beakers (100cm)2 Plastic Syringes (20cm)1 Plastic Syringe (10cm)1 stopwatch1 Thermometer1 cress plantMethod1. Use a credit card straw to punch out 5 magnetic disks from the seed ruffles of the cress plants provided. Do this by placing a finger infraneath the cotyledon to support it. Keep the phonograph recordings in the straw for the moment.2. The plunger from a 10cm3 credit card spray was removed. Then I placed a finger over the nozzle and approximately half-filled the syringe with sodiumhydrogen carbonate solution. Gently blow the discs from the straw into the syringe. I replace the plunger, inverted the syringe and then pushed the plunger up far enough to expel the air from the syringe.3. Place a finger over the nozzle of the syringe and gently pull out the plunger a short distance (past a 3cm3 distance on the syringe barrel). This execution was done in order to pull the air out of the air spaces of the cress discs and replace it with the surrounding solution. I had to hold the plunger at this position for a few seconds to process sure the air really gets pulled out the discs air spaces, and then removed my finger from the nozzle.4. Repeat this procedure twice more. Tap the syringe barrel between for each one evacuation. A t this stage the discs should sink. If this does not lapse repeat the evacuation process.5. Use pure sodium hydrogen carbonate solution and distilled water in order to always make up 60cm3 liquid of different NaHCO3 concentrations Using two 20cm3 plastic syringes for each the pure sodium hydrogen carbonate solution and the distilled water, the needed quantities are disposed into a beaker to make up the wanted NaHCO3 concentrations.6. Then the syringe plunger was removed and the contents are tipped into the beaker.7. go steady that the discs have sunk to the bottom and if not remove and discard those ones. A minimum of 4 deep-set discs is required in order to have sufficient data for the experiment.8. The beaker with the contents is placed immediately to a start out place a bench lamp. This has to stand not more than 5 cm above the solutions surface but so that it still allows one to see the discs.9. The bench lamp is turned on and the stopwatch is started. The discs are obser ve until they have all risen to the surface. The sentence in seconds it takes for each disc to rise is recorded.10. This procedure is ingeminate using different concentrations of sodium hydrogen carbonate solution.ResultsThe following tables show the amount of cadence (in seconds) it took for the discs low different NaHCO3 concentrations to rise to the water surface. Every experiment was done twice in order to bill for reliability of the first results.Time taken in seconds for discs to rise in 10 cm of NaHCO310 cm pure NaHCO3 solution + 50 cm H2O maiden reading per seconds second in seconds Average insecondsdisc 1 524 502 513.0disc 2 592 575 583.5disc 3 642 618 630.0disc 4 680 658 668.5disc 5 767 698 732.5Time taken in seconds for discs to rise in 20 cm of NaHCO320 cm pure NaHCO3 solution + 40 cm H2O world-classexperiment in seconds 2nd in seconds Average inseconds .disc 1 387 362 374.5disc 2 428 401 414.5disc 3 470 452 461.0disc 4 502 486 494.0disc 5 544 587 565.5Time taken in seconds for discs to rise in 30 cm of NaHCO330 cm pure NaHCO3 solution + 30 cm H2O 1st experiment in seconds 2nd in seconds Average insecondsdisc 1 265 282 273.5disc 2 279 336 307.5disc 3 360 398 379.0disc 4 446 458 452.0disc 5 507 532 519.5Time taken in seconds for discs to rise in 40 cm of NaHCO340 cm pure NaHCO3 solution + 20 cm H2O 1st experiment in seconds 2nd in seconds . Average insecondsdisc 1 313 301 307.0disc 2 354 360 357.0disc 3 378 401 389.0disc 4 428 476 452.0disc 5 487 498 492.5Time taken in seconds for discs to rise in 50 cm of NaHCO350 cm pure NaHCO3 solution + 10 cm H2O 1st experiment in seconds 2nd in seconds Average insecondsdisc 1 263 282 272.5disc 2 287 299 293.0disc 3 343 318 330.5disc 4 398 419 408.5disc 5 456 443 449.5Time taken in seconds for discs to rise in 60 cm of NaHCO360 cm pure NaHCO3 solution 1st experiment in seconds 2nd in seconds Average insecondsdisc 1 259 245 252.0disc 2 265 271 268.0disc 3 303 288 295.5disc 4 313 302 295.5disc 5 319 311 315 .0Table showing 1/time for the different NaHCO3 solutions (CO2 concentration)1st runConcentration of CO2 (NaHCO3 solution in cm3) 1 / time it takes for disc 1 to rise to surface in seconds 1 / time it takes for disc 2 to rise to surface in seconds 1 / time it takes for disc 3 to rise to surface in seconds 1 / time it takes for disc 4 to rise to surface in seconds 1 / time it takes for disc 5 to rise to surface in seconds Average of 1 / time for the 5 disksConcentration of CO2 (NaHCO3 solution in cm3) 1 / time it takes for disc 1 to rise to surface in seconds 1 / time it takes for disc 2 to rise to surface in seconds 1 / time it takes for disc 3 to rise to surface in seconds 1 / time it takes for disc 4 to rise to surface in seconds 1 / time it takes for disc 5 to rise to surface in seconds Average of 1 / time for the 5 disksAverageConcentration of CO2 (NaHCO3 solution in cm3) 1 / time it takes for disc 1 to rise to surface in seconds 1 / time it takes for disc 2 to rise to surface i n seconds 1 / time it takes for disc 3 to rise to surface in seconds 1 / time it takes for disc 4 to rise to surface in seconds 1 / time it takes for disc 5 to rise to surface in seconds Average of 1 / time for the 5 disksComments on resultsAs one can see from the tables, in world-wide the time it takes for the cress discs to rise to the surface of the beaker decreases as the concentration of NaHCO3 increases. In average, when 10cm3 of NaHCO3 where used, disc 1 rose after 513.0 seconds, disc 5 after 732.5 seconds. When 60cm of NaHCO3 where it took only 252.0 seconds for disc 1, and 315.0 seconds for disc 5 to rise. The basic class that as NaHCO3 concentration increases the time for the discs to come to the top decreases can be seen.This would mean that more oxygen is produced by the leaf discs as NaHCO3 concentration increases, and as a result the time to rise to the top decreases. As oxygen production can be used as a measure of photosynthesis, in taking the time of how long it t akes for the discs to come to the surface, we get values that are relative to the oxygen production. One can and then calculate the rate of photosynthesis by dividing 1 over the average time it took for the discs to rise to the top. From the results table above the general pattern that the rate of photosynthesis increases as the concentration of CO2 (NaHCO3) is raised.At a CO2 concentration when 10cm3 NaHCO3 are used the rate of photosynthesis is 0.0016223. At a CO2 concentration when 60cm3 NaHCO3 are used the rate of photosynthesis is 0.00352848.However the table shows that at a CO2 concentration when 40cm3 NaHCO3 were used the average rate is 0.0025744 which is lower than at 30cm3 NaHCO3 which gave a rate of 0.00273684. This explains the little dink in the graph at the CO2 concentration of 40cm3 NaHCO3 before the line continues to go up again from a CO2 concentration of 50cm3 NaHCO3.The graph very well displays that the rate of photosynthesis increases fairly quickly as the CO2 concentration is increased and that the line is get-go to level send by at higher CO2 concentrations.AnalysisMy results clearly show that the average time it takes for the cress discs to rise decreases as the concentration of NaHCO3 increases. This is because the higher the CO2 concentration the higher the rate of photosynthesis. As a result of the photosynthetic rate increasing, the production of oxygen as a waste product of photosynthesis increases as well. As the cress discs produce oxygen quicker at higher CO2 concentrations that means the oxygen will make the discs rise quicker. With more oxygen produced the buoyancy of the cress discs increases and this leads to the discs floating to the top of the beaker. With the discs rising faster and indicating that the amount of oxygen produced increases with higher CO2 concentration, will mean that the rate of photosynthesis increases as well.My results support this statement, too. My graph shows that at low to fairly high CO2 concen trations the rate of photosynthesis is positively fit with CO2 concentration. This implies for my graph except for the CO2 concentration of 40cm3 which is so clearly an anomalous result. The graph withal shows that at high CO2 concentrations the rate of photosynthesis is slowing down and moving towards a plateau. This is because at high CO2 concentrations there is some other factor limiting the rate of photosynthesis.ConclusionIn general my results support my hypothesis that the rate of photosynthesis is positively related with CO2 concentration. My results from experiment have shown that at higher CO2 concentrations more oxygen is produced by the cress discs. This oxygen will make them rise to the surface more quickly as the leaf discs buoyancy increases.My results table and graph show that at constant light intensities and temperature, the rate of photosynthesis initially increases with an increasing concentration of carbon dioxide, but is starting to reach a plateau at higher concentrations. At low concentrations of carbon dioxide, the supply of carbon dioxide is the rate-limiting factor. At higher concentrations of carbon dioxide, other factors such as light intensity and temperature are rate limiting.The rate of photosynthesis is determined by the rate-limiting step which is the step that is proceeding most slowly at a time. At low to medium CO2 concentrations, the rate-limiting step in the Calvin cycle is the point where CO2 is fixed to produce glycerate 3-phosphate. RuBP and NADPH accumulate. The plateau on my graph however shows that at higher CO2 concentrations some other factor is limiting, implication either light intensity or temperature are too low for the rate of photosynthesis to increase further.To the uttermost that the rate of photosynthesis increases as the rate of CO2 concentration increases, my prediction overlaps with my results. However my results have also shown me the fact that this relationship doesnt continue like that forever. Having done this experiment, has shown me that the rate of photosynthesis increases with increasing CO2 but is limited by the factor which is nearest to its lowest value.Accuracy of observationsIn general, the accuracy of the equipment is very good, however, for each of them there is some element of inaccuracy in terms of the readings to be made this also includes the human element in making the reading. For the mostaccurate results, the reading has to be made with the scale being on eye level.The 20cm plastic syringes have an accuracy of + 0.5cm3 the beakers as well show an accuracy of + 0.5cm3. The 10cm3 syringes however are accurate to + 0.25cm3 consequently for all the solutions we have to assume that the maximum error of the readings made could be + 1.25cm, which is very important.Improvements to method thus far though, the method could be remedyd still. One issue for instance that could be used to slightly improve the method and thus the accuracy of the results would be to u se a water bath in order to make sure that the experiment is conducted under generally stable conditions as for this will ensure that the temperature be the same end-to-end the whole experiment. This would be of great importance for conducting an experiment which implies of temperature being one of the limiting factors. Using a water bath one could also set up the experiment in a way that the oxygen produced as waste product of photosynthesis could be directly cleared under water.Evaluation and anomalous resultsIn general the method wasnt changed much to the preliminary work. However, in my preliminary work I first used a total amount of 100cm3 NaHCO3 solution to make up the different NaHCO3 concentrations. This showed that when low NaHCO3 concentrations (little pure NaHCO3 being used) were used, it took more than 10minutes for the cress discs to rise to the surface of the beaker. This is simply too long and wouldnt have given me enough time to do sufficient repeats of the experi ment. Thats why I decided to reduce the total amount of NaHCO3 solution used to 60cm3.I think that my results have shown that a general pattern can be seen. The collected data, illustrated in tables and diagrams backs up my prediction.However the reliability is not too strong, as significant differences can be seen in the time taken for the discs to rise, especially at a NaHCO3 concentration of 40cm3.Throughout the experiment the same plastic straw was used to cut discs out from cress leaves. The plastic straw had a diameter of more or less 4mm, meaning that all cress discs had the same diameter throughout the investigation. However other variations in the size of the cress discs could have occurred. For example the thickness of the cress leaves competency have varied, resulting in thicker and thinner and cress discs between experiments. These structural differences might have accounted for the anomalous results but also for the significant differences in the time it took for the discs to come up to the surface, between run 1 and 2 of the same concentration.A factor that wasnt particularly controlled at all was temperature. The light source of the investigation was a simple bench lamp. As I have observed the light bulb got really hot after a few minutes of usage. This would mean that at the beginning, namely the very first concentration of the first experiment wouldnt have been affected by the light bulb. However by the time the conterminous concentration was used the light bulb was already hot. This would have resulted in the heat that given off by the light bulb to increase the temperature of the NaHCO3 solution the seed discs were floating in.Even further as the time it took for discs to rise varied with different NaHCO3 concentrations means that the time the NaHCO3 solution exposed to the heat given off by the light bulb varied, too. This means the temperature of the different NaHCO3 solutions must have varied as well. As temperature is one of the limit ing factors of photosynthesis this could have had significant effects on the experiment. Temperature being higher at some NaHCO3 concentrations means that the reaction of photosynthesis must have taken place faster, resulting in a faster production of oxygen, meaning that the cress discs rose to the surface quicker.In addition there are some anomalous results found in the graph. However, the graph shows a trough at a CO2 concentration of 40cm NaHCO.This should not be the case the line should go up further and then level off properly. My graph however doesnt show a clear plateau which should be seen when high CO2 concentrations have been reached as slowly no more oxygen can be produced in the same time. optimally at low to fairly high CO2 concentrations the graph should show that the rate of photosynthesis is directly proportional to CO2 concentration.These factors could be down to the fact mentioned earlier that the cress discs might have been of different structures, e.g. thicker a nd therefore affected the experiment.However I think that one also has to consider the fact that the experiment mired living organisms. Just like human beings, plants dont always act in an expected way. This is what essentially makes biology interesting in that the expected is not always happening.In doing this experiment we were measuring the time it took for cress discs to rise to the surface of a beaker at different NaHCO3 concentrations. In doing so we were effectively trying to collect data, namely time, which is proportional to the production of oxygen of the seed discs in order to get information about the rate of photosynthesis. The seed discs producing more oxygen meant that they would rise faster. Oxygen being a by-product of photosynthesis can be used to get a picture of the rate of photosynthesis of a plant. So ideally an experiment carried out measure the amount of this oxygen production would be better designed to get an reference of the rate of photosynthesis of a plant. The oxygen collection would take place in water a water bath could be used for example.

Gantt Chart for Execution of House Construction Essay Example for Free

Gantt Chart for Execution of field of operations Construction EssayThe activity of kin construction involves m any(prenominal) spirit levels which ar spread over many months. The courting study example taken for the preparation of Gantt chart is selected as it involves sundry(a) stages and there ar many people involved in different activities. These activities are interdependent on the performance of various work groups and can get delayed if not planned and executed cliply. Thus I reconcile a Gantt Chart that will assist and ensure effective working in order to get the end result as planned. Explanation of Gantt Chart (refer appendix)The overall activity has been planned for a time span of 9 months. The activities have been classified as follows Excavation (A) This is the first stage where mining for the house columns needs to be carried out. The lead time for this activity is one month. This is a process which is labor intense and needs to be make loved as per th e architectural drawing. Other activities cannot be lift outed before ensuring accuracy of the excavation work as the structure cannot be modified if desired at a later stage. accordingly activity B , RCC cannot start before ascorbic acid % completion of activity A. In case during this configuration it is realized that any delays could be caused in reaching the first milestone then additional work force or earth moving equipment needs to be outsourced. RCC (B) (Reinforced Cement Concrete) The lead time for this activity is threesome months. Once excavation is complete the next stage is of RCC which involves making columns and beams of the house. Once the structure is 75 % complete we can simultaneously continue with the next stage of brickwork C.The achievement of this milestone will not blockade activity C but due caution has to be exercised that the activity gets completed by the fourthly month form the realise starting date as it is the start of activity D and E. Brickwor k (C) along with brickwork the other activities Electrical (D) and Plumbing (E) also need to be commenced upon the completion of stage B and 50 % of stage C as the electrical pipes and fittings need to be reared inside the walls. Similarly toilets and kitchen requires plumbery to be done simultaneously.If the activity deviates from its planned lead time of two months then activity D, E and F will need to be carried out at an increased pace than its actual to cover up for the lag time. Electrical (D)and Plumbing (E) These stages can be executed simultaneously as they are not interdependent on each other . Once these are complete we can incline on to the next stage. Plastering (F) After completion of electrical and plumbing work we can start with the internal plastering activity. However external plastering can be carried out when 50 % of stage D and E are complete.This is the third milestone. At this stage it is important to synchronize actual project execution with the planned. Ti ling (G) Once plastering is 100 % complete then we can move on to Tiling Flooring work Painting (H) This is the final milestone to be executed after 100 % completion of activity G . Conclusion Gantt chart gives a clear picture of the stages and helps in noticing any deviations and corrective steps can be implemented which in turn will not collapse other schedules and help in achieving desired results in a cost effective and efficient manner.The case for buy Vs make is indeed a matter of individual capacities and judgment in the said example. By choosing to make as in the above case the maker gets freedom of choice and taste to reconcile his own needs. If activities are carried out with due diligence the project would be cost effective.Reference Gantt Chart- Wikipedia, 19 October 2008, http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Gantt_chart

Food and Street Foods Essay Example for Free

Food and Street Foods EssayIntroduction Bulacan was officially called Bulacan Province, is a first kind province of the Republic of the Philippines located in the Central Luzon Region (Region 3) in the island of Luzon, North of Manila (the states capital), and divulge of the Metro Luzon Urban Beltway Super Region. Bulacan pries itself for its rich historical heritage. Bulacan has fast become an deification tourist destination, owing to its vital role in Philippine history, and its rich heritage in nicety and the arts.The province is popularly known for its historical sites nostalgic old houses and churches idyllic ecological attractions religious attractions vivid and enchanting festivals swimming and various themed attractions and a wide selection of elegant native crafts and sumptuous delicacies. It is too plaza to numerous resort hotels, hotels, restaurants, and other recreational facilities. (Wikipedia).The briskness of Street foods in Bulacan can be measurable by the long queue of consumers e trulyday in the food outlets in strategic places where street foods comparable lugaw or Rice Porridge, goto, mami, fish balls, barbecued banana, salted peanuts and chicken pops. (Toledo, 1988) Street Foods is a Survival Meals, peradventure because it satisfies the gustatory sense for a temporary period of time. (Soledad Leynes, 1986) In such case, eating away from home due to the changes in occupation and activities created a demand for cooked repasts and snacks at a cheaper and affordable price that ar served quickly.Dual career, parents and small families who really have no time to prepare their meals at home resort to street foods for convenience. These people seem not to care for the food source whether it comes from the legitimate food merchants or from the informal sector, otherwise called black market. (Soledad Leynes, 1986) Street foods, whether snacks or meals are affordable and always available, which are very popular among the let loose i ncome households to a large extent and increasingly a daily fare among the midst income groups.Households with working mothers are afforded ready to eat meals without the burden of cooking at home. Street food caters to the demand of the urban poor population by making food readily available and at low cost. Thus, street food vending is a traditional activity which can be considered a make do mechanism of the urban poor. Street foods are ready-to-eat foods and beverages prepared and/or sold by vendors or hawkers especially in the streets and other similar places.(Food and floriculture Organization of the United Nations) They represent a significant part of urban food consumption for millions of low-and-middle-income consumers, in urban areas on a daily basis. Street foods whitethorn be the least expensive and most accessible means of obtaining a nutritionally balanced meal outside the home for many low income people, provided that the consumer is informed and able to choose the proper combination of foods. (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations) Statement of the Problem.This study was conducted to assess the Quality of Food Products of Street foods sold by the ambulatory vendors along the busy streets and sidewalks of Bulacan. 1. What is the status of the ambulant vendors of Bulacan in terms of 2. 1. Gender 2. 2. Age 2. 3. accomplished Status 2. 4. Income 2. 5. Family size 2. 6.Educational attainment 2. What is the nutritional quality of food products sold by the ambulant vendors in Bulacan in terms of 3. 7. Food Supply 3. 8. Food Preparation 3. 9. Food Handling 3. What preference program could be proposed to the ambulant vendors to improve the nutritional quality and safety of the food?

Marijuana-A description of the drug and its aeffects Essay Example for Free

Marijuana-A description of the drug and its apersonal effects EssayMarijuana is the most commonly used outlawed drug in the United States. It is made from the dried leaves and flowering tops of the Indian hemp go down ganja Sativa. People smoke, chew, or eat hemp for its hallucinogenic and intoxicating effects. The flowering tops of the Cannabis works secrete a sticky resin that contains the active ingredient of marijuana, known as Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (tetrahydrocannabinol). The plant has both male and female forms. The sticky flowers of the female plant atomic number 18 the most potent. Hashish is a similar drug prepared from the same plant. It differs from marijuana in that it is made of only the resin from the plant, plainly where marijuana is made up of flowering tops and leaves.The main active chemical in marijuana is THC (delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol). The membranes of certain nerve cells in the brain contain protein receptors that bind to THC. Once secure ly in place, THC initiates a series of cellular reactions that lead to the high that users experience when they smoke marijuana. There are usually phases in marijuana use there are intoxication, initial stimulation, which includes giddiness and euphoria, followed by sedation and pleasant tranquility. Mood changes are often accompanied by altered perceptions of age and space. Thinking processes start out disrupted by fragmentary ideas and memories. Other feelings include increased appetite, heightened sensory awareness, and general feelings of pleasure.Negative effects of marijuana use can include confusion, acute panic reactions, anxiety attacks, fear, a sense of helplessness, and privation of self-control. Like alcohol intoxication, marijuana intoxication impairs judgment, comprehension, memory, speech, problem-solving competency, reaction time, and driving skills. Although marijuana is not physically addicting and no physical withdrawal symptoms occur when use is discontinued , psychological dependence develops in some 10 to 20 per centum of long-term regular users. Smoking marijuana can damage the lungs, and long-term use may increase the risk of lung cancer . Even infrequent use of marijuana can cause earnest and stinging of the mouth and throat, often accompanied by a heavy cough out. Someone who smokes marijuana on a regular basis may have many of the same respiratory problems that tobacco smokers do, such as daily cough andfrequent chest illness, a heightened risk of lung infections, and a greater tendency to obstructed airways. Cancer of the respiratory tract and lungs may also be pull aheadd by marijuana smoke.Marijuana use has the potential to promote cancer of the lungs and other parts of the respiratory tract because it contains irritants and carcinogens. Marijuana smoke contains 50 to 70 percent more(prenominal) carcinogenic hydrocarbons than does tobacco smoke. It also scores high levels of an enzyme that converts certain hydrocarbons into their carcinogenic form, levels that may accelerate the changes that produce malignant cells. Marijuana users usually inhale more deeply and hold their breath longer than tobacco smokers do, which increases the lungs exposure to carcinogenic smoke.Some other effects of marijuana may occur because THC impairs the immune systems ability to fight off infectious diseases and cancer. In laboratory experiments that exposed animal and human cells to THC or other marijuana ingredients, the normal disease-preventing reactions of many of the key types of immune cells were inhibited. In other studies, mice exposed to THC or related substances were more likely than unexposed mice to develop bacterial infections and tumorsDepression, anxiety, and personality disturbances are all associated with marijuana use. Because marijuana compromises the ability to learn and remember information, the more a person uses marijuana the more he or she is likely to fall behind in accumulating intellectual, line of merchandise, or social skills. Students who smoke marijuana get lower grades and are less likely to graduate from high school, compared to their non-smoking peers. Workers who smoke marijuana are more likely than their coworkers to have problems on the melody. Several studies associate workers marijuana smoking with increased absences, tardiness, accidents, workers compensation claims, and job turnover. A study of municipal workers found that those who used marijuana on or off the job reported more withdrawal behaviors such as leaving work without permission, daydreaming, and spending work time on personal matters.Although no medications are currently available for treating marijuana abuse, recent discoveries about the industrial plant of the THC receptors have raised thepossibility of eventually developing a medication that will gormandise the intoxicating effects of THC. Such a medication might be used to prevent resort to marijuana abuse by lessening or eliminating its appeal.

The Best Lesson My Dad Taught Me Essay Example for Free

The Best Lesson My Dad Taught Me testThe best lesson my dad taught me was. To eternally be honest. Im glad he taught me this because at foot if I do something wrong and he knows Im lying and I tell the truth, I get in less trouble instead of getting things taken away. He tells me the odds be in my favor if I listen. I agree with him because I wouldnt want my kids to harp to me. You always get in less trouble if you dont lie. I only lived for about 13 years but constantlyy single second I learned more and more. It always ends up embarrassing after telling a lie and someone has found out. We all must recognize it, weve ALL lied. Nobody likes a liar.My dad will say are you sure with your answer and if I say no I tell him the truth and he says dont do it again. If your gonna lie to your friends its just stupid because eventually they will find and you will lose them. Before I ever answer some thing I ask myself, is it worth lying about it. Then I just follow my conscience. I dont always make the right choice, but I learn from my mistakes. My dad is 40 years old and he told me had made more mistakes in a year than I do in 13. Just tell the truth because if youre my kid that is the easiet break-dance of life. I love him to death and wouldnt trade him for the world

UK Wrist Watch Industry | Marketing Strategy

UK Wrist Watch Industry Marketing St judgegyDuring late 2008 and 2009 confidence of consumer fell and the wide unwashed became more than(prenominal) aw atomic number 18 ab bulge their spending in watches and jewelry has non been immune to the economic climate.During 2005 jewelry and watches grocery grew by 10 % were it referes to 4.8 billion in 2010 and over next five dollar bill twelvemonth Mintel forecasts is 11%growth in watches and jewellery foodstuff.Hence 2011 is too overtaking to be the course of study to invest in mens jewellery. Stephen Webster presented a knock-down(prenominal) case for mens jewellery at IJL in phratry 2010, and assumptive male client only regard watches and the odd signet or arrange could lead to missing proscribed on a electromotive force wealth of customer. Its non that male customers dont want it they just dont k now they want it.Men dont mystify thinking ab by what to wear as women do, explain Webster. But once a man is bejew elled, in that mends no looking back. They likewise dont wait for special occasions manage woman do, and they tidy sum go from zero to jewellery enthusiast in no m.Market research comp all(prenominal) Mintels September 2010 report Watches and Jewellery Retailing UK found that 20% of male respondent said they inter flip-flop subject receiving jewellery as a gift, and 12% said that they had purchased all of their own jewellery. So the securi disembowels fabrication is clearly in that location to be exploited.http//www. sell-jeweller.com/trends/in-with-the- bran- parvenu-2011-trends/5020089.articleRapid growing in gold prices and recession alter m whatsoever consumers mind to taint silver instead of gold, this trend is rising to belovedly three in ten women with al most(prenominal) peer slight in five people wearing silver jewellery than gold spokespersonicularly young people aged 15-24. nowadays days Consumers atomic number 18 willing to experiment and try new looks with poor minimising their swan balances which means many damageume jewellery particulars be afford fitted and easy disposable without denting their bank balance. immature aged under-35 is more open to pay large amounts for watches these ar consumers who do non wear jewellery to express their individuality or to show their consumer spending power.As the research has should that 86% of consumers wear a watch, were 40% only buy a new watch when their old watch is broken. The new intellect for purchase a watch could be watchs main function with health benefits as a new focal point of helping the consumer.http//oxygen.mintel.com/sinatra/oxygen/display/id=479809Executive Summaryhttps//www.key none.co.uk/ foodstuff-intelligence/view/ intersection point/10331/chapter/0why buy me. Can be better explain by to fend off the competition by constant foot, reinvigo set out, recalib stray, update. Many betrays and companies be continuously renovating their caper and holding ar conse cratement themselves for growth.Positioning able offerings for suckers and accessibility of crossway in the merc renderise. Several key tar grab groups and exploiters meet their charters as it reaches a trusted mode of consumers and delivers benefits to them.Consumer and user atomic number 18 attri only ifed by benefits and product as they are depended on how actual lift of a bon ton or disfigurements fructify communicates in the grocery store place. As a result positioning or product of a play along find superstar to keep further distance itself from competitors which is found on list of items, besides actually importantly in six key , Distribution, musical note, refers, ingathering, Price and physical exertion Occasions.As compared to earlier times consumerism has underg champion a sea potpourri where the consumers are informed about the products. Hence, the foodstuff has become customer centric. Understanding the importance of customer is become the struc ture of business in personal effects companies pack started in regular prat i.e. wobbleing knead.In the recent times Titian Industries Ltd had a issue sword move exercise was send offned more in station to provide more to its customers. Now the company holds new position. This study will help to understand the revived positioning strategies of behemoth watches. An abridgment of dislodge strategies of Titan also forms of the study.Firstly it is important to understand the overall wrist watch effort in UK. Secondly to study the punctuate positioning and re-positioning strategy of Titan wrist watches and to find out about the loyal customers of Titan watches as they are aware of the new positioning strategies of the company and how they use them.To study primary and utility(prenominal) data feel been apply. Analysis UK wrist watch persistence and filth shift strategies of TITAN Company has been analysed and completed on the basis of secondary data. Internet, jou rnals, books and magazines have been utilize for this purpose. stick out comprises conducting a questionnaire survey. (function() var scribd = document.createElement( account book) scribd.type = text/javascript scribd.async = true scribd.src = https//www.scribd.com/javascripts/embed_code/inject.js var s = document.getElementsByTagName(script)0 s.parentNode.insertBefore(scribd, s) )() Introduction1.1 possibleness and conceptsAccording to Peter Drucker A business has two and only two fundamental functions grocerying and innovationTo maintain business relevance and food market position, it is important to continuously innovate and invent bell ringer moving picture in the market to pace with change and intense warring pressure in the marketplace.In this context, now days brand positioning and re merryization strategies have become a business vital part for battling brand erosion. Further heightened for brand shift is because of rising cost and richly risk con nected with unveiling a new brand in market. attach in the cost and high risk colligate with launching a new brand that is a part of brand reposition. scratch reposition has legitimate very importance in the marketing literature and treated as a difference of brand positioning.memory contribute be required as the market changes and new opportunities occur. In localise to reach the customer which was never targeted at first female genitals also be targeted with brand reposition. In order to change its two-baser in the market it is important to focus towards brand repositioning, although it is one of the toughest and harder actions for repositioning of long-familiar brand in market.As per Solomon, essential part in the marketing efforts is position strategy because companies have to use the elements in the marketing mix to influence the customers understanding the position. in that location has to be several choices to be, so to as to be in more pleasant and liable(p) po sition. It is important for the person who is reposition for the reposition to know and understand why reposition is inevitable and its lead, and if the offer is the one that will change or just the brand name. While repositioning it is important to undertake and understand all the risk factors that is seeming to affect it in the market.A company risks its credibility and reli force more while repositioning its brand in the market and the need for a thorough strategy is very important to avoid any occurrence. Some analyst argues that to success in full reposition a established brand name is almost unimaginable because repositioning of a brand can consume the most loyal customer to switch brand. If the brand is eroded then brand reposition becomes important.Numerous attempts to reposition brand in the market whitethorn fail which is testified by many company for example while soft drink has successfully been able to connect with the youth though they exist for 40 age in the mark et but at the same Levis, jeans has been losing its market helping to newcomers such as The Gap despite numerous campaigns designed to reposition the brand trend.1.2 Literature ReviewThe reposition strategy is defined into three stages that isIntroductoryElaboration castleThis involves the introduction of a new or a repositioned brand, seeking under pull in the brands nourish over differents, and to lead the brand position. It is truly hard to change the customers perceived attitude towards a brand, and therefore the risk is great that the attempt to repositioning might fail. aft(prenominal) rolling out the strategy, it is time to modify the proposition by update of the personality and done repositioning. thither pros and cons with two of this segments and it is great significance that they are truly expect when deciding the next step in the action. To understand it more deeplyhttp//htmlimg4.scribdassets.com/55f3acalz4nfgla/images/10-81b5e3fa9c/000.jpgFigure 1 Stages in bra nd strategy development.When a company modifies or change manything that is already there in the market established in the mind of the customer that is called as repositioning.Different profession and individuals have contrasting implication and understanding towards move. at that place are a couple of(prenominal) different definitions and greater understanding about this conceptRepositioning is a change, principally about triggering the vision, mission and value in a new direction that is more suited f or the brand in the future- commemorate manager consultant.Principally, reposition concerns ever-changing the consumers learning of the brand PR consultant.Repositioning is built upon the change of unique and differentiated intimacys with the brand in some kind of direction it is about having a balance amid the category party and differentiation when use reposition strategies (Leading Brand strategies)From these definitions, it is obvious that reposition is about moving s omething to more attractive and relevant position. Reposition direction is often decided as to what a company wants to achieve. There is also a tangible relation amidst price and quantity aspects. When a company perceives the market as a take on curve, the purpose is to down stretch or upward curve. When moving up and there is a need for reaching the premium segment and expand up wards.Figure The principle of reposition.When striving towards a new position in the market, it is important to understand those consumers are limited. Peoples minds select what to remember and it is important to convince the consumers with greater arguments. The market always strive for change which is rapid and therefore repositioning can be necessary to meet these adopts, newer and stronger arguments have to be established to convinced them to stay as loyal customers.As repositioning is a very complicated matter and therefore there are no detailed theories or models. Aim for repositioning is differen t for different person, and the only connection between all the different theories is that repositioning is moving something from somewhere towards a greater position at the market.Corstjens and Doyle (1989) identified three types of repositioning strategies zippo repositioning, which is not a repositioning at all since the potent maintains its initial strategy in the flavor of a changing environment.Gradual repositioning, where the firm performs incremental, continuous adjustments to its positioning strategy to reflect the evolution of its environment andRadical repositioning that corresponds to a discontinuous shift towards a new target market and /or a new competitive advantage.After learning the repositioning of several brands from the UK market, the fol busteding 8 types of repositioning have been identified. These areIncreasing relevance to the consumerIncreasing occasions for useMaking the brand unspoiledFalling salesBringing in new customersMaking the rand contemporaryDi fferentiate from other brandsChanged market conditionsA four phased brand repositioning approach can be fol baseed to achieve the in be givened benfits- cast I. Determining the underway status of the brandPhase II. What does the brand stand for today?Phase III. developing the brand positioning platformsPhase IV. Refining the brand Positioning and Management PresentationThe advantages that can be derived from brand repositioning exercises can be summarized asValue over othersUpdated personalityRelevant positionThe risks associated with such strategies areLoss of focusNeglecting original customersLosing credibility for the brandConfusing the brandTherefore, in order UNLEARN the brand positioning one must help the customer to know brand repositioning in more difficult than initially positioning.This can be done by carefully crafted communicationNew products, packagingAssociations with other brands ( co- branding, co- marketing, ingredient branding, strategic alliances, etc) that rei nforce the new brand positioning.This exercise is so critical to an organizations success that the organizations and leader in marketing/brand attention should develop readiness preferably with the help and facilitation of an outside brand positioning expert. explore Methodology2.1 ObjectivesTo study the menses scenario of UK wrist watch industry.To review the brand positioning strategies of different sub-brands of watches.To analyze the brand repositioning strategies of watches.To study consumer knowingness and perception about the brand repositioning strategies of watches.This study will help to understand the gap in its communication strategy regarding brand repositioning exercises and the further measures to be taken for effective marketing communications.2.2 LimitationsThe study is confined to London area onlyThere is possibility of sampling errors in the studyThe responses of the consumers may not be genuineQuestionnaire may not be comprehensive2.3 Sources of Data Collect ionThe relevant data was imperturbable from both primary sources and secondary sources. The starting point of my selective information gathering has been the secondary sources such as profit, books, and journals and so on.Firstly, brand positioning and repositioning strategies of Titan, secondary sources such as internet, insurance magazines, and journals and so on. Then I conducted a consumer awareness survey on brand repositioning strategies undertaken by Titan watches in recent times.2.4 SamplingTo conduct sampling of 50 loyal consumers of Titan and in the age group of 20 30 years for this study. Since Titan has taken up brand repositioning strategies since January 2011, consumers who have seen the previous and new campaigns have been targeted.2.5 Primary dataData was collected through an hearing schedule, consisting of both open ended and closed ended questions. It consisted of the parameters the like reasons consumers brand preference, re ingathering of earlier tag margi n and advertisement, brand ambassador of Titan awareness of new tagline and campaign featuring sportsmen and actors from International body and so on. The data was collected through e-mails, telephone contacts and one to one personal interviews.Industry OverviewUK Watch industryIn 2004 and 2008 market report examines the jewellery and watches market in UK were fluctuated and fell by 2.8% and finish at 4.33 billion in the review report.Large declined in 2008 contribute to the global economic downturn and UK recession which adversely realized nearly all UK industries. The only unaffected by the downturn was the luxury end of the market end, but by the 2008 and 2009 it begun to take effect on it. In recent year the jewellery and watches become progressively competitive. Although this market have wide range of suppliers and retailers also online retailing have contributed passing for transparent for information on pricing and availability of products. This was a positive trend for d ispirited brands that was previously unable to have intercourse with consumer directly. Some larger retailers and few independents have developed their transactional sites to deal with their consumer demand.The product which have high rate of consumer penetration with around a third of the UK population owning piece jewellery and watches. In 2009 downturn in UK economy shows that it will affect all areas of consumer spending and unlikely to show reversal in near future.It seems the concepts of a wrist watch have become that of a status symbol rather than a practical chronometer. According to a survey that suggest one in seven people in the UK has no need for watch, apart from as a forge accessory.Gadgets such as iPods, laptops and mobile phone, invent bane to the watch industry, survey conducted by Mintel.Even in the age of iPhones, people spend extensive amount of money on a fibre time piece, with high-end brands such as Rolex and Tag Heuer adorning blinged up wrist of rapper s, bankers and fashionistas alike.http//www.wharf.co.uk/2010/11/why-wrist-watches-are-dialling.htmlSWOT ANALYSIS OF THE UK WATCH INDUSTRYStrengthsWatch industry is growing industry which faster rateAs the population is rising, the watch market is also expanding guests are not very price sensitive as far as quality watch is concernedWeaknessThere is not much advertising done by watch industryNo innovation in productsThere are few number of exclusive showrooms that gets the consumers accessibility to the productThere are few marketers, who are concentrated only upon a particular niche segment (Tag Heuer )OpportunitiesThere is more need of fashionable luxury watch and fine luxury watch brands that can be targeted in UK, as customers are more like trendsetter and fashionable.UK especially London is a metropolitan city which makes it more attractive for the new company.Youth are more brand conscious than their predecessors. That leads to the expansion of the market for branded watches.T hreatsThere are many foreign players entering in the raceToo many players will come down the market and the profit margin.Mobile phones acting as substitutes of the watches.The Indian watch industry began in the year 1961 with the commissioning of the watch division of Titan. The first watch model manufactured by HMT was the Janata model in the year 1962. HMT was the leader in the watch market till the Tatas formed Titan watches in association with Tamil Nadu Industrial Development Corporation in the year 1987. They took a major strategy decision, which afterward changed the face of the Indian watch market to manufacture only quartz watches. Liberalisation in 1992 and removal of quantitative restrictions overdue to WTO has opened the doors for many the Indian market viz. Tissot, Swatch, Omega, Rado, TAGHeuer. The import duties on watches are falling which makes the Indian market look attractive for the global majors like Casio, Swatch and Citizen.Company penOverviewTitan is one of the largest watch producer in India and sixth largest in the world. Titan manufactures over 7 million watches per annum and have 65 million customer.In 1984 titan was established as a voice venture between the Tata Group and Tamil Nadu Industrial Development Corporation. Manufacturing in a state- of -the art at Hosur, Tamil Nadu the company brought the large change in Indian market, by offering quartz engineering science with international styling. By understanding the different segments in the market, the company launched its second brand Sonata watch, as value brand for those who like styled watches with low-cost prices.In last two decade the company has build an very undecomposed impression in watch business to become Indias largest manufacturing business and world largest sixth manufacturer of watches. This was mainly because good formidable distribution network. Being one of largest retail chain of exclusive retail showroom for watches called The world of Titan spread ov er 100 towns.Titan have branches over 30 countries, its also have multi brand outlets named Time Zone, service centres and dealer outlets. The company has watch plant at Dehradun (UP) and Baddi (Himachal Pradesh) and electronic circuit boards in Goa. The promoters held majority stake of the company, with Tidco having 28% of the shares and Tata Group companies owing 25% of the shares and the national sharing holding around 28% in the company. The rest of the stake held by the foreign institution, non house physician Indian, mutual fund and other institution.It also acquiring a license for global brands such as Tommy Hilfiger and Hugo Boss, while. It has also in its portfolio its first Swiss Made watch brand Xylys.In 1995 the company benefit to brand Tanishq as diversified into jewellery in fragmented market operating no brand in urban city. too in 2005 the company launched its second Jewellery brand, GoldPlus, as using its probability for capitalizing in small town and rural Ind ia. Its also diversified into fashion shopping centrewear by launching Fastrack Eye Gear sunglasses as well as prescription eyewear.TITAN WATCHES dishonor POSITIONING STRATEGIES general strategiesSince from the beginning Titan has been positioned as a premium brand, because its high quality products for its customer. Titan is struggling to have a strong brand image in UK market due to its numerous sub-brands that caters to different segments in India. It follows different positioning strategies these strategies can also be analyzed as given belowAttribute PositioningThe company launched first quartz watches to Indian market as its product. The company successfully propagate the market by this launch, under this strategy came Raga, Classique and Regalia. Classique positioned as style corporate wear that leaves a unflurried definite impression and qualities of function. Regalia ranger represent the elegant-wear. Raga is an exclusive watch as positioned. The Raga and silver Raga co llection of style, delicate and feminine with each piece unique truly.User PositioningTitan provides to several user groups children (the Dash), sportspersons and adventurers. The fastrack range is seen as being modern and related to present time, reliable and sturdy. The advertising, packaging and merchandising of this range is young, cool and vibrant.Benefit PositioningTitan offer many deals to differentiate its offering on the basis of superior style and attractiveness which is offered by Digital range fastrack.Competitors PositioningTitan had to encounter the threat with the meekness of several foreign watchmakers into the market most the entrants are catering to the upper end of the market Omega, Cartier etc. bore or Price PositioningIn the overseas market, especially in europium where it is competing with Swiss and Japanese watches, it is position itself as value-for-money (less than Swiss watches and higher than Japanese), by giving attractively styled and of good quality .TITAN WATCHES BRAND RE-POSITIONING STRATEGIES FOR GLOBALISATIONTitan has managed to get fairly market in Middle east and Africa but its failure in Europe was a downturn for the Company as the return was not as good as investing made for the expansion. Titan has decided to revamp its flagship watch brand in Europe mainly in UK. Titan wants to reposition it more youthful and relevant to the changing times.Titan has entered the International markets in 1989 through the export of watch movements. Titans first global footprint was hardened in the UAE the largest market in the Middle East then it moved towards Egypt, Oman, Saudi Arabia and few markets in Africa. Though it faced strong competition, it reached the sales of 100,000 watches within a year of its launch. It started to move globally and moves towards Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Maldives and Nepal.After its extensive survey, it concluded that it needs good reason to stock the brand. Titan needs to re-position its brand image in the UK market. And so Titan decided to against soft option of driving its globalization through reclusive label exports. It would launch its product under its own brand with market positioning Therefore Titan found a massive advertising campaign to create brand awareness. It also participated in the fair which showcases the worlds biggest watch brand in the world.http//www.moodiereport.com/images/luxury_watch_tables_jan10_04.jpghttp//www.moodiereport.com/images/luxury_watch_tables_jan10_05.jpgCONCLUSIONThe suggestions to improve consumer awareness about brand repositioning strategy of Titan are as followsTo increase its visibility, Titan Company can sponsor events similar to fashion shows which all latest designs launched are displayed. This is important as it has a great effect on different segments of the customers in different ways.It is important to have Tie up with radio channels and television to impart and telecast its advertisement about various sales promotion from time t o time.RD needs more investment as customer chances are changing rapidly. It should focus more on introducing more varieties and luxury items in the market at regular interval.Introduce exclusive collection for working(a) women which is more contemporary and complements any fashion styles.Tie up with international watch brands to make the product stronger in the market.To use internet to spread awareness among consumer about the brand. (function() var scribd = document.createElement(script) scribd.type = text/javascript scribd.async = true scribd.src = https//www.scribd.com/javascripts/embed_code/inject.js var s = document.getElementsByTagName(script)0 s.parentNode.insertBefore(scribd, s) )() Terry Hills framework Corporate objectivesTerry Hills framework Corporate objectives crash materials is enjoying a new shoot of life as seen by their ability to make substantial profit partly due to the renascence of the motorbike (scooter) as a source of transit by the mi ddle aged. Thus the corporate objectives areGain market share in the OE market through manufacture and make out of DBP in 2 years.Entering the Far East market as a Long Term Strategy to increase profitability and to wrestle for International Market Share in 3 yearsSuperior reaping Performer thereby securing the contract on a Long term Basis remedy look into and Development for the OEM for incremental business.Increase ROCE to 30% 3 years.Increase Profit Margin to 30% in 3 years.Increase ROI to 40% in 3 years.Order Winners and Qualifiers CriteriaDiscussion of the Criteria and the Implication for OperationsBRAND IMAGEThis is true for the motorcycle manufacturing company as demonstrated by their attention to detail and their strong Quality Policy and culture. It is therefore pertinent for clank materials to maintain their already lofty heights of Quality to be able to tap into the sea of opportunities of OEM.For the AM, it is a guide to the authorization customers of the qualities attached to the brand. With a Quality rating in the industry, the brand image does help win some of the customers over to the product range.For the SM, Brand Image could play a role in the choice of the DBP because the customers may want the best quality DBP for their automobiles which would help in marketing (word of mouth). This is a strong basis for our core competency being contain rather than outsource.COSTFor the OEM, Cost is the major order winner here as the company has to be highly competitive on cost to ward off potential competitors from the market. But with the prospect of Research and Development for new ways of making DBP, Friction Materials would be able to stir preFor the AM, Cost is highly competitive as well. The company must be able to get DBP to the market at affordable prices as the company has to be highly competitive on cost to ward off potential competitors from the market.For the SM. Cost is not competitive and almost not relevant. The cost of the DBP sho uld be reasonable enough and not charge ridiculous amounts though the customer is willing to pay for the value of the DBP.Q QQQQ Performance quality tractableness in design dependability and volume are sensitive order qualifiers such that a molt in one of the characteristic specification could cost them the order. These criteria are key to their winning over the OE market thus we have a QQ which denotes (order loser). On the long run (3 years on) some of the values would change because Friction would have acquired a certain volume of market share and the direction of the market would tend to shift. For instance with a breakthrough in RD, the value of design flexibility and cost would change. This signifies thatFor design flexibility, it would be a new order winner, a display of our competency and thus they would be able to charge premium price, or at least increase the price of supply.Cost would be a ascendent order winner as competitors would seek to drive down cost hence stiff competition.On the other hand, Q is not as sensitive as QQ. You would not lose the order if you cannot meet the demand. For lesson the durability of the DBP is a qualifier because it must be able to perform for a period of time but not too long to be considered absurd. 2 years is good but no one would want to design DBP for 10 years so if the life span of 2 years is attained then it is fine.For instance delivery speed is not required as you would have agree to sign the deal to deliver at an agreed period failing which you would be fined.MARKETING schemeSWOT AnalysisStrengthsCredible supplier networkModern managerial inputGood debitor to creditor daysGood ongoing Ratio indicates cash flowAbility to expand current locationCentralized location to market and to ports for exportFully depreciated machine cost, hence they machine cost 0Skilled proletariat force as can be seen in Specialist catch up withBrand Image recognition for qualityClose relationship with the incision speciali st fabricators.WeaknessInventory levelsFriction between top management (cronton and whitson)Long changeover period on press machine sad personnel managementPoor use of work packages leading to unused sensitive materialsUnder function of MRPII systemsInability to do online paymentPoor space consumptionOver assent on entry into OE market probabilityPotential global leader in OEMLocal sourcing of materials (when they gain social status)DBP direct supplier to industry manufacturers thus increasing market shareExpansion of fruit rangeThreatCompetitive Labour MarketStiff competition from the Far EastPotential Environmental threat on entropy and waste disposalMARKETING STRATEGYExpansion of Market channeled to an increase in both local anesthetic and global supplies of DBP.Revolutionize the OEM to a Quality competitive market based on cost management.Improve Research and Development capabilitiesAfter sales customer feedback as a way of getting surrounding(prenominal) to the customer a nd improving on quality and procedure.MANUFACTURING STRATEGYVERTICAL INTEGRATIONThis is the level of incorporation in a supply chain for the various stages of the supply work out. It could be forward or backward integration. A vertical integration could be to bolster the technological front based on competition or for to emerging markets.Make / Buy The make or buy compendium is a strategic analysis that helps top management to decide what they want to produce, what they want to stop producing or what they want to outsource to a third party. In practice, core competence is not outsourced because that is the uniqueness of the product if you let it go, you could just be setting up future competition for your company.The various decisions taken and the reason are as followsFor the supply of raw materials a single supplier was preferred. This would prevent re-testing for the quality of the supplied materials as the testing phase takes a couple of weeks to get the set mix for the requ ired braking slaying. This would increase lead time and because reduce the ability to deliver on time. It also helps reduce the variation in quality that could arise from sextuple sourcingFor the mixing operation, that is the core competence and could be detrimental to the growth and the corporate objectives of the company.For the Press Operation, the Press fauna manufacture is done by a local specialist firm. This could lead to delays in taking up the tool fabrication hence building up lead times for the OEM. When the design team finishes the design, they would have to wait for the Press fabricators to be available to work. Communication gap is also a threat to the glow running of the design of the tool for the OEM. The specialist firm is also prone to take over by large BP manufacturers who are direct competitors and once competitive advantage is lost to them, it affects the market share of the OE and consequently the ability for Friction Materials to compete. Thus the decisi on is to Vertically Integrate the Local Specialist this helps build competitive advantage in the OE market.For the baking operation, it would be kept in house. Outsourcing baking increases the time the operation takes from 3 hours to a potential 5-6 hours. The cost of transport, labor and the payment of the operation together with the time trade-off make it very complicated and unsuitable for outsourcing. The chemical properties of the brakes at high temperatures could be altered during transportation and thus could lead to a failure in testing which results in the company losing the order. It is therefore a critical operation in-house and not outside.For the machining operation, the decision is to be kept in house. This is because an automated 100% dimensional check is required after machining. If you machine in house, there is a greater chance of achieving that truth than to outsource to a specialist that could be overlook little details that could lead to test failure. Since the machines are running at full aptitude, an extra machine is required for the OEM manufacture. The machine would be second hand quality as accustomed to the company. The fully depreciated machines make extra budget available for this purchase and would in no time be fully depreciated as well. Thus we practically are paying less to do more.For the painting, the operation would be carried out in house. The reason is to be in control of the goods produced. Also the painting operation is a low acquiremented task hence a contract faculty could be employed for the sole require of painting. This helps specialization on the long run and reduces costs due to transportation and material handling. It also reduces labor cost as the company is only bound by the contractual agreement without benefits.For the packaging, the short term objective would be to continue in-house but re-brand the lot sizing so as to accommodate more DBP. This reduces the burden of having to pack several hundred of DB P at any time. The lot sizes could be increased and standardized as there is no obligation to supply with the current range of boxes but simplifies the current packaging operation. This helps reduce the number of boxes supplied for packaging and hence the time and cost of transportation and material handling. tho the long term plan would be to source for a backpacking company that would agree to package as close to our toil site as possible. This helps free up space for increased drudgery and other value added work.FACILITIESThe design of the operation would take into consideration the item to be produced, vary the different possible ways to produce it and come up with the best and most efficient way of producing it. The characteristic of the operation is determined by the 4 VsVOLUMEHIGH low gearHIGHLOWVARIETYLOWHIGHVARIATIONLOWHIGHVISIBILITYThe OE market involves long production runs with product specification and low variety, there is need to implement a high volume low variety manufacturing process which is the category of the OE market.Volume This is the production strength within a particular time frame. The volume is set prior to production in order to plan for message. The current forecast of 150,000 in the first year is a high volume compared to the normal few hundreds that are shortly produced. Therefore it is a high volume process operation and adequate capacity should be provided as required.Variety this can be described as the different combinations of products that a production process can accommodate. There is limited variation in the demand of DBP for the OEM due to the standardized requirements. Basic changes can be made in the design but it is practically the same spine and technology that is used. This depicts a low variety production.Variation in Demand This is the ability of the production process to change with little notice to the forces of demand and supply or product design and specification. Orders are requested a year prior to pr oduction thus a stable demand profile which makes effective capacity utilization probable. Therefore it is a low variation demand production.Visibility or Customer Interaction this could be described as the level of participation of the customer in the production process. The ultimate goal of any production of the process is to satisfy the customer. Since the customer is not expected to be at the factory both time, we settle for a low visibility production process. This has no bearing on the type or quality of DBP produced as the company would be ratified fit for the production of the OEM before proper production can commence.LocationThe current location of Lutterworth is perceived as a primordial location both to the potential and to the international market. The town has a rich history of manufacturing work and is in a central location for transportation of finished goods and raw materials and assess to the factory very easy. It is also close to a large motorcycle manufacturer w ho is the potential customer. This is an ideal location for a growing company and the rate of development could become attractive for immigrants due to the emerging facilities.TECHNOLOGYProduct ProfilingThe product pen approach is an analysis understands the requirements for production and the characteristics available for each process to meet production specification. A comparative degree analysis helps in process choice the layout structure to adopt.Original Equipment Manufacture would be done through the batch production process. The process type helps utilize the standardized production format due to low variety. It also helps improve the efficiency of production and spreads the overhead costs over more units.The Specialist Manufacture is a jobbing type process while the Aftermarket production is jam Production therefore if we go for a flow line production process it would impede our production process. Thus if for OEM, a flow line is chosen then Specialist Manufacture must be outsourced to compensate for the complexity of the production process. However the Specialist manufacture is the core competence of Friction Materials and to let go of it would be synonymous to throwing your market share away. If a competitor comes by and vertically integrates that section of your company, then there is a potential buy-out of Friction Materials.Therefore it was sensible to use a elastic Bach production process currently which could move into a flow production process with enough investment to justify the resources required to change it.Process ChoiceProjectSPECIALIST PARTSAFTER MARKETJobbingORIGINAL EQUIPMENTBatch accountContinuousHighVolume pitiableAlex and Terry Hill 2009VolumeHighLowLowHighLowVarietyFixed PositionProcessCellFeasible FlowProductHighHighLowRegular FlowDr Watt 2010However, for a long-term capacity proviso, investment decision and availability of funds could make OEM be more flow line suited. This occurs when there is a huge volume to justify the investment and good forecast of an emerging market hence a growing demand and a comfortable market share to control. The OEM batch process tends towards the flow line production section.Process ChoiceSPECIALIST PARTSProjectAFTER MARKETJobbingORIGINAL EQUIPMENTBatchOEMLineContinuousHighVolumeLowAlex and Terry Hill 2009CAPACITYA capacity strategy is a review of how the personnel would work effectively with the resources and machinery available. For the OEM, there is a predictable demand known a year prior to production, hence a level capacity strategy typifies the production. There is no lead or lag in production and demand hence the make to order plan.LEVEL CAPACITY PRODUCTIONThe capacity is set at 3000DBP per week at standard working week of 40hours. This helps both capacity and personnel utilization and a tight budget schedule. If there is a change in capacity planning, shift hour or overtime can be used to compensate for such. However this plan is for the current production target of 150000.INFRASTRUCTUREHUMAN RESOURCESThese are specialists in the area of recruiting people for various job functions. From a manufacturing point of view, an IE is the right person for this task. This is because he has been trained to understand the right work contents the workforce required to achieve maximum capacity utilization and the performance measurement attached to each job function. However the HR specialist understands how to tie the salary structure and the benefit (both money and material) attached to him.Therefore the strategy would be to employ the semiskilful(prenominal) workforce and train them to a basic minimum skill level required to do the basic non skilled operations like printing, packaging and painting and machining while we use a higher employ structure to lure the skilled workers should we need them. The unskilled workers could be temporary workers or permanent workers depending on the requirements while the skilled workers would be made permanent to i ncrease core competency.Periodic training like safety and their specific job functions would be necessary to update the level of skill and technology crossways board. murder MEASUREMENTTHE BALANCED SCORE CARDIt is a framework that converts the vision of the company into performance measures that can be interpreted and monitored. The mission statement should thus be seen as the action plan that drives the company on the journey to the destination it hopes to achieve in future.LEARNING AND GROWTHFINANCIAL PERFORMANCECUSTOMERS PERCEPTION AND EXPECTATIONINTERNAL STRUCTURE AND INFRASTRUCTURESTRATEGIC OBJECTIVESFig The balanced Score plug-inSlack, chambers Johnston 2007Strategic ObjectivesStrategic MeasurementsCore outcomesPerformance Drivers1FinancialIncrease ProfitabilityIncrease grossProject CostReduced CostCompete Based on Cost running(a) Efficiency2CustomerIncreased market shareShare of segment% presence in the OE sectorCustomer satisfactionCustomer feed back% satisfaction, posit ive feedback3InternalRevenue mixResearch and DevelopmentcollaborationPrototype designs success rateIncrease ROCEHigh ROCEhigher(prenominal) utilization of resources4Learning and growthEmployee capabilityStaff productivityReduced scrap rateUpgrade of facilitiesSystems AuditImproved cycle timesAdapted Balanced Scorecard, Kaplan and Norton 1996Financial perspective harvesting The dream of every business is growth and so is Friction Material. The growth of the company is the gate way to expansion in other markets and could be a factor in increasing the Market share which has been set as at 2 years.Increased ProfitabilityThe profitability of a company is its ability to satisfy the demand of production output, overheads and cost of production and still make a margin. Most businesses are set-up with an aim to make money either primary or secondary. Friction Materials made profit this year and the OEM is a lee-way to guarantee constant volumes of production and with a high efficiency system , the OEM would be the source of receipts for the company. This is because the OEM has a huge potential to turn the fortunes of the company around from a small company to a Large company with huge revenue and large market share. In an emerging market like the OEM, the first to enter the market usually dominates a great percentage of the market share. Therefore it is pertinent for Friction Materials to be in the market as one of the pioneer members. The OEM would generate huge revenue as they have a huge volume of production thus cut down the cost increase to the production costs and overheads and consequently drives down the cost of production and hence increases profitabilityProfitability of the OEM is vital to the existence of the company as it helps to generate a funds through production that could be plowed back to the operation of the other product range and with good decision making and investment policies the company will be transformed into a World Leader in the manufact ure of DBP.Profitability of the company also helps it satisfy its personnel commitment paying of salaries and bonuses to the workers for increased motivation. If a business is not profitable, the management of the company could struggle to pay wage and this would ultimately impact on the shop story reducing the productivity of the workers as most workers would lack the motivation to continue work without pay. Ultimately the customers the motorcycle manufacturers would get affected as Friction Materials could end up not meeting the demand target and are imposed heavy fines. Gradually the company would lose its competitiveness and could end up being break down if it continues to fail to meet the target. The contract would be cancelled and the production would be hampered. The end result could be the administration of the company, since it cannot meet its basic obligation.Cost ReductionSustaining growth is all about meeting the expectation of the shareholders, those accountable for the investing money and time to the success of the company. In Sustaining the growth of the company, good asset utilization and cost reduction policies like getting depreciated machines to work effectively, helps to reduce the overheads and unwanted cost attached to the nonchalant running expenses of the company. The OEM is a cost-competitive market and imploring a strategy to drive down cost is worthwhile. Trade-offs associated with low cost production should be properly weighed before decisions are made else it could eventually cost more both for the cost of rework and the excess and unnecessary man-hours used. For instance, if the cost of a standard back ordered series is $10 and you get a supplier for $6, it is possible that the manufacturer might not be able to meet production target. So if you hire him for your supplies and he fails to deliver, in panic, you might need to get other supplier who would end up charging you more than it would cost and you might have to run extr a man-hours to pout up for production time lost. All these could cost more compared to the stable $10 who is guaranteed to deliver when needed.Customer PerspectiveIncreased market shareThe market share is a portion of a business sector where you dominate. In reality, big companies like McDonalds have almost all the market share between them leaving the remaining for smaller companies. The idea is that every company sells a particular volume of the product in the market. Companies with dominant shares sell high volumes of stock periodically.Friction Materials has market share as one of its targets because it aims to be a profitable business. If they can churn out large volumes of DBP and exhaust their production capacity in terms of sales then they would be able to get the overhead cost impelled low. This helps put the Cost reduction strategy in check and increases the viability for profit making. A large market share increases the brand image of the company and opens doors for wid er reach to the Far Eastern and Global markets on a whole. It also helps increase the possibility of dominating the Local market.Based on the operational capabilities of the company and the entry into the OEM market, Friction Materials could boast of a sizeable market share so far as other factors are favorable. With percentage market share dominance, plans like marketing drive sales promos and exhibition events like auto fares can be used to boost their brand image and ultimately sell the product to the market. The market share volume determines the amount of profit and volume of DBP that could be sold over a period of time.Customer satisfactionCustomer is king, should be at the back of the mind of every employee of Friction Materials. This is because the customer makes it possible for the employee to be paid if the DBPs are not quality ones or the customers are not satisfied, they could easily turn to a competitor and this affects the market share of the company.Since we regard th e customer as king, and production is based on customer needs it is imperative that Friction Materials delights its customer base by going the extra mile to meet with them, to have a personal experience with them. This helps the company reach out to potential customers and at the same time get a good understanding of the performance of the DBP in the market and ways to improve the current production specifications and designs without altering the standard specification requirement for manufacture.It also helps identify potential areas of strengths and weaknesses as emerging opportunity that abound but have not been fully utilized.For the OEM to succeed, the customer must be delighted exceptionally and satisfied with the unique qualities of the DBP else Friction Materials would lose ground to their competitors and could lose their competitive advantage to poor human relationship. Therefore the company should make the customer the aim of the production process and in pleasing a custom er that could be a potential chain of new customers. It is widely said that it costs a lot to get a new customer compared to retaining one of them. Thus it is more profitable to secure already existing customer base by delighting them exceptionally while looking for incremental business than to look for more business and neglect current customer base.Internal Process PerspectiveResearch and developmentFor Friction Materials to remain relevant in the OEM, the RD team would be expected to design and develop new lines for production. The ability to meet this requirement is one of the basic tasks of Friction Materials as an OEM. Therefore it is an important aspect of the company that needs to be restructured. Currently, there is no part for RD and since it is a major requirement by the contractor, a new R and D department be formed. The design engineer as well as the local specialist firm that was integrated needs to be incorporated in this department to work together for the progress of the company. A good R D enables breakthroughs which can yield huge revenue. Similar to this is the Astra Zeneca R D who charge premium price for discoveries in their RD that are able to sail through to the production stage.RD also increases skill level of the company and takes the competitiveness to a higher level. Thus it gets to a point where they could re-define the characteristic qualities of performance of DBP as seen by the 5 seconds telephone response employed by Zenith bank to attend to customer enquiries.High ROCEA high ROCE for Friction Materials signifies a good balance of employee strength. The ROCE is a financial tool used to understand the extent of effective utilization of resources. If the employees are trained well and given the right resources to work with and appropriate incentives and bench marks to go with, then they would be well motivated to achieving company targets. When the targets are met, they can be used as benchmarks to be built upon. With a steady growth rate in ROCE, investment on raw materials, machines and personnel would be justified.Productivity, efficiency and proper scheduling of the production process are the hallmark to achieving a high ROCE.An Acid test ratio can be used to measure the liquidity of the company, the more liquid a company is the stronger it is. Thus using a benchmark as a source of strength makes the top management of the company a focused one. egressEmployee capability reskilling peopleUpgrade of facilities buying new machinesORGANIZATIONThe organizational structure of Friction Materials should change from a process based leadership to a functional matrix organizational structure where the operations personnel have easier access to top management for decision making and policy formulation.For a small company like Friction Materials, the Organizational hierarchy is very visible. Too many management port-folios or positions as is seen here, creates a communication problem such that escalating issues o r problems as seen on the shop floor could take a while before it gets to the appropriate table and this makes flexibility very low.If friction arises between the managers, it could trickle down to the shop floor. Besides there is unclear definition of roles and responsibilities and this is a potential fortuity because of the ownership of responsibility for failure or damage. Thus instead of creating an operations unit, they are building a potential silo. This hampers effective communication between the operations crew.The dual role for the sales manager could also be detrimental to the progress of the company as there might be sub-optimization of the sales department and biased decision making should he be in contest with another manager.There should be a common focus of top-management on the direction, aims and objectives and the vision should be shared collectively. Time out on team building and holiday trips could be scheduled to help foster relationships of employees of Fricti on Materials. Having grudges against people is a reality of life, but when it affects the productivity of the company, it becomes questionable.Job roles and functions should be well defined and the performance measured. This helps make the workers responsible for the daily activities and could improve productivity. A good reward and compensation scheme (bonus) could be employed but it must be properly structured to avoid sub-optimization of departments or resources.PRODUCTION AND PLANNING CONTROLThe planning and control system of Friction Materials Ltd is the MRPII but is underutilized at the moment as there is no skilled clerical worker that can handle the software. The clerical workers need to proceed on a flexible training schedule to learn the latest version and application of the MRP II system. There should also be an online order and portal system where purchase orders and payments can be made and reduce the over reliance on the telephone order or fax as there could be ambigui ty in communication.The capacity planning features of the MRP II system was not in use and the WIP records for an on-going production process is not recorded which makes it almost impossible to be able to plan for adequate capacity and schedule for raw materials hence the high inventory levels.A kanban pull system can be implemented for the production of the OE market to meet production targets until a full scale imp